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What is Science? Defining Science by Numbers, 1920-2000 (part 2)

Author

Listed:
  • Benoit Godin

    (Centre Urbanisation Culture Societe, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (Canada))

Abstract

Part II of the Benoit Godin’s article “What is science? Defining science by numbers, 1920-2000” concludes the paper which appeared in the previous issue of the journal. It explores discussions surrounding the official interpretation of science and possibilities to broaden it. The article analyses efforts to construct a different concept of science and the reasons why they failed. Provided is an overview of early approaches to statistical measurement of various aspects of scientific activities other than strictly scientific research, including those offered by the US National Science Foundation but excluded from the internationally recognized OECD methodology. The paper also covers UNESCO recommendations of 1978 and their impact on statistics. The author finishes the study with some thoughts on broadening the concept of science in relation to operational nature of the notion. Note: Downloadable document is in Russian.

Suggested Citation

  • Benoit Godin, 2009. "What is Science? Defining Science by Numbers, 1920-2000 (part 2)," Foresight and STI Governance (Foresight-Russia till No. 3/2015), National Research University Higher School of Economics, vol. 3(3), pages 68-81.
    • Handle: RePEc:hig:fsight:v:3:y:2009:i:3:p:68-81
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    File URL: http://foresight-journal.hse.ru/data/2010/12/31/1208184341/11-godin.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Konstantin Fursov & Yana Roschina & Oksana Balmush, 2016. "Determinants of Research Productivity: An Individual-level Lens," Foresight and STI Governance (Foresight-Russia till No. 3/2015), National Research University Higher School of Economics, vol. 10(2), pages 44-56.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    research and development; statistical measurement;

    JEL classification:

    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

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