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Energy Utilization and Environmental Aspects of Rice Processing Industries in Bangladesh

Author

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  • Mohammed Ahiduzzaman

    (Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.)

  • Abul K. M. Sadrul Islam

    (Department of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh)

Abstract

In this study, the energy utilization and environmental aspects of the rice processing industries in Bangladesh was analyzed. Rice husk, a milling by-product of rice, is used as a source of thermal energy to produce steam for parboiling of raw rice. The rice is mostly dried on a concrete floor under the sunshine. In mechanical drying, rice husks are used as a source of primary energy. In Bangladesh, the annual estimated energy used in 2000 for the drying of rice by sunshine was 10.7 million GJ and for drying and parboiling by rice husks it was 48.2 million GJ. These amounts will increase to 20.5 and 92.5 million GJ in 2030, respectively. Electrical energy consumption for mechanical drying and milling of rice was calculated as 1.83 million GJ e and 3.51 million GJ e in 2000 and in 2030, respectively. Biogenic carbon dioxide emission from burning of rice husk is renewed every year by the rice plant. Both the biogenic and non-biogenic carbon dioxide emissions in 2000 were calculated as 5.7 and 0.4 million tonnes, respectively, which will increase to 10.9 and 0.7 million tonnes in 2030. The demand of energy for rice processing increases every year, therefore, energy conservation in rice processing industries would be a viable option to reduce the intensity of energy by increasing the efficiency of rice processing systems which leads to a reduction in emissions and an increased supply of rice husk energy to other sectors as well.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammed Ahiduzzaman & Abul K. M. Sadrul Islam, 2009. "Energy Utilization and Environmental Aspects of Rice Processing Industries in Bangladesh," Energies, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-16, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:2:y:2009:i:1:p:134-149:d:4250
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    1. Del Ninno, Carlo & Dorosh, Paul A. & Smith, Lisa C., 2003. "Public Policy, Markets and Household Coping Strategies in Bangladesh: Avoiding a Food Security Crisis Following the 1998 Floods," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 31(7), pages 1221-1238, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. W. Michael Griffin & Jeremy Michalek & H. Scott Matthews & Mohd Nor Azman Hassan, 2014. "Availability of Biomass Residues for Co-Firing in Peninsular Malaysia: Implications for Cost and GHG Emissions in the Electricity Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Kwofie, E.M. & Ngadi, M., 2017. "A review of rice parboiling systems, energy supply, and consumption," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 465-472.
    3. Irina Glushankova & Aleksandr Ketov & Marina Krasnovskikh & Larisa Rudakova & Iakov Vaisman, 2018. "Rice Hulls as a Renewable Complex Material Resource," Resources, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-11, May.
    4. Md. Monirul Islam Chowdhury & Syed Masiur Rahman & Ismaila Rimi Abubakar & Yusuf A. Aina & Md. Arif Hasan & A. N. Khondaker, 2021. "A review of policies and initiatives for climate change mitigation and environmental sustainability in Bangladesh," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 1133-1161, February.
    5. Lijun Zeng & Laijun Zhao & Qin Wang & Bingcheng Wang & Yuan Ma & Wei Cui & Yujing Xie, 2018. "Modeling Interprovincial Cooperative Energy Saving in China: An Electricity Utilization Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-25, January.
    6. Kwofie, E.M. & Ngadi, M., 2016. "Sustainable energy supply for local rice parboiling in West Africa: The potential of rice husk," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1409-1418.
    7. Darmawan, Arif & Fitrianto, Anggoro Cahyo & Aziz, Muhammad & Tokimatsu, Koji, 2018. "Integrated system of rice production and electricity generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 672-680.
    8. Kwofie, E.M. & Ngadi, M. & Sotocinal, S., 2017. "Thermodynamic evaluation of a rice husk fired integrated steam and hot air generation unit for rice parboiling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 39-49.
    9. Islam, Md Shahinur & Akhter, Ruma & Rahman, Mohammad Ashifur, 2018. "A thorough investigation on hybrid application of biomass gasifier and PV resources to meet energy needs for a northern rural off-grid region of Bangladesh: A potential solution to replicate in rural ," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 338-355.
    10. Ahiduzzaman, Md. & Islam, A.K.M. Sadrul, 2011. "Greenhouse gas emission and renewable energy sources for sustainable development in Bangladesh," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4659-4666.
    11. Md. Sanwar Hossain & Khondoker Ziaul Islam & Abdullah G. Alharbi & Md Shafiullah & Md. Rabiul Islam & Afef Fekih, 2022. "Optimal Design of a Hybrid Solar PV/BG-Powered Heterogeneous Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-29, February.
    12. Nadaleti, Willian Cézar, 2019. "Utilization of residues from rice parboiling industries in southern Brazil for biogas and hydrogen-syngas generation: Heat, electricity and energy planning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 55-72.
    13. Lim, Jeng Shiun & Abdul Manan, Zainuddin & Hashim, Haslenda & Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah, 2013. "Towards an integrated, resource-efficient rice mill complex," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 41-51.

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