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The Environmental Consequences of Growth: Empirical Evidence from the Republic of Kazakhstan

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  • Amantay Akbota

    (College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

  • Jungho Baek

    (Department of Economics, School of Management, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA)

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to examine the effect growth has on CO 2 emissions in Kazakhstan, controlling for energy consumption, in the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration framework. We find that the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis seems to hold for Kazakhstan; this effect at a low level of income increases CO 2 but at a high level decreases it. We also find that energy consumption increases CO 2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Amantay Akbota & Jungho Baek, 2018. "The Environmental Consequences of Growth: Empirical Evidence from the Republic of Kazakhstan," Economies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-11, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:6:y:2018:i:1:p:19-:d:137005
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