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Dynamic Panel Modeling of Climate Change

Author

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  • Peter C. B. Phillips

    (Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
    Department of Economics, University of Auckland, Auckland CBD, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
    Department of Economics, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 0DA, UK
    Department of Economics, Singapore Management University, 81 Victoria St, Singapore 188065, Singapore)

Abstract

We discuss some conceptual and practical issues that arise from the presence of global energy balance effects on station level adjustment mechanisms in dynamic panel regressions with climate data. The paper provides asymptotic analyses, observational data computations, and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the use of various estimation methodologies, including standard dynamic panel regression and cointegration techniques that have been used in earlier research. The findings reveal massive bias in system GMM estimation of the dynamic panel regression parameters, which arise from fixed effect heterogeneity across individual station level observations. Difference GMM and Within Group (WG) estimation have little bias and WG estimation is recommended for practical implementation of dynamic panel regression with highly disaggregated climate data. Intriguingly, from an econometric perspective and importantly for global policy analysis, it is shown that in this model despite the substantial differences between the estimates of the regression model parameters, estimates of global transient climate sensitivity (of temperature to a doubling of atmospheric CO 2 ) are robust to the estimation method employed and to the specific nature of the trending mechanism in global temperature, radiation, and CO 2 .

Suggested Citation

  • Peter C. B. Phillips, 2020. "Dynamic Panel Modeling of Climate Change," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-28, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecnmx:v:8:y:2020:i:3:p:30-:d:391090
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maurice J. G. Bun & Frank Windmeijer, 2010. "The weak instrument problem of the system GMM estimator in dynamic panel data models," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 13(1), pages 95-126, February.
    2. Park, Joon Y. & Phillips, Peter C.B., 1989. "Statistical Inference in Regressions with Integrated Processes: Part 2," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 5(1), pages 95-131, April.
    3. Magnus, Jan R. & Melenberg, Bertrand & Muris, Chris, 2011. "Global Warming and Local Dimming: The Statistical Evidence," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 106(494), pages 452-464.
    4. Phillips, Peter C. B., 2018. "Dynamic Panel Anderson-Hsiao Estimation With Roots Near Unity," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 34(2), pages 253-276, April.
    5. Hayakawa, Kazuhiko, 2007. "Small sample bias properties of the system GMM estimator in dynamic panel data models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 32-38, April.
    6. Blundell, Richard & Bond, Stephen, 1998. "Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 115-143, August.
    7. Robert Kaufmann & Heikki Kauppi & Michael Mann & James Stock, 2013. "Does temperature contain a stochastic trend: linking statistical results to physical mechanisms," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 118(3), pages 729-743, June.
    8. Kruiniger, Hugo, 2009. "Gmm Estimation And Inference In Dynamic Panel Data Models With Persistent Data," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 25(5), pages 1348-1391, October.
    9. Hayakawa, Kazuhiko, 2015. "The Asymptotic Properties Of The System Gmm Estimator In Dynamic Panel Data Models When Both N And T Are Large," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 31(3), pages 647-667, June.
    10. Park, Joon Y. & Phillips, Peter C.B., 1988. "Statistical Inference in Regressions with Integrated Processes: Part 1," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 4(3), pages 468-497, December.
    11. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Wan Amir Azlan Wan Haniff & Rahmah Ismail & Suzanna Mohamed Isa & Rozlinda Mohamed Fadzil & Syed Sagoff AlSagoff & Kartini Aboo Talib @ Khalid & Hakimi Hassan & Nurina Awanis Mohamed, 2020. "Childrens Toy Safety Standards in Malaysia and ASEAN: Towards Single Regional Regulation of Lead-Based Paints and Children Toys," International Journal of Asian Social Science, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(9), pages 483-495, September.
    4. Anasis, John G. & Khalil, Mohammad Aslam Khan & Butenhoff, Christopher & Bluffstone, Randall & Lendaris, George G., 2019. "Optimal energy resource mix for the US and China to meet emissions pledges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 92-100.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    climate modeling; cointegration; difference GMM; dynamic panel; spatio-temporal modeling; system GMM; transient climate sensitivity; within group estimation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models

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