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What has homeland security cost? an assessment: 2001-2005

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While homeland security is widely seen as an important national objective, the costs of this effort are not well understood. An analysis of public and private expenditures on homeland security shows that overall spending rose by $44 billion between 2001 and 2005?a clear increase but one that represents a gain of only of 1 percent as a share of U.S. GDP. Private sector expenditures increased very modestly in dollar terms and remained unchanged as a fraction of the sector's GDP.

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  • Bart Hobijn & Erick Sager, 2007. "What has homeland security cost? an assessment: 2001-2005," Current Issues in Economics and Finance, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, vol. 13(Feb).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fednci:y:2007:i:feb:n:v.13no.2
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Martí Sempere, 2011. "A Survey of the European Security Market," Economics of Security Working Paper Series 43, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    2. Carol Mansfield & V. Kerry Smith, 2015. "Introducing the issues: meeting the challenges in evaluating homeland security policies," Chapters, in: Carol Mansfield & V. K. Smith (ed.), Benefit–Cost Analyses for Security Policies, chapter 1, pages 3-25, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    3. Jon D. Wisman, 2012. "9/11, Foreign Threats, Political Legitimacy, and Democratic Social Institutions," Working Papers 2012-08, American University, Department of Economics.
    4. Daniel G. Arce, 2019. "On the human consequences of terrorism," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 178(3), pages 371-396, March.
    5. Kevin Boyle & Sapna Kaul & Ali Hashemi & Xiaoshu Li, 2015. "Applicability of benefit transfers for evaluation of homeland security counterterrorism measures," Chapters, in: Carol Mansfield & V. K. Smith (ed.), Benefit–Cost Analyses for Security Policies, chapter 10, pages 225-253, Edward Elgar Publishing.

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