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Las transferencias públicas y su efecto distributivo. La experiencia de los países del Cono Sur en el decenio de los 2000

Author

Listed:
  • Alejo, Javier.

    (Universidad Nacional de La Plata.)

  • Bérgolo, Marcelo.

    (Universidad de la República.)

  • Carbajal, Fedora.

    (Universidad Nacional de La Plata.)

Abstract

In Latin America the inequality of income has declined in the 2000s. This study applies a variant of the non-parametric decomposition methodology proposed by Barros et al (2006, 2007) to assess the relevance of the households’ sources of income, focusing on the importance of public transfers, on changes in inequality of the Southern Cone countries in the 2000s: Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay. The results suggest that the non-labor income of the households had a significant contribution to the inequality changes in the 2000s in those countries, which was mainly explained by the equalizing effect of the public source of income. The changes in that source and their impact on inequality were closely associated with the implementation or expansion of non-contributive cash transfer programs during the last decade.// En el decenio de los 2000 la desigualdad del ingreso en la América Latina se redujo. Este artículo aplica una variante de la metodología de descomposición no paramétrica propuesta por Barros et al (2006, 2007) para evaluar la importancia de las fuentes de ingreso de los hogares, en particular la aportación de las transferencias públicas, en los cambios en la desigualdad de ingresos en los años 2000 en los países del Cono Sur: Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. Los resultados sugieren que los ingresos no laborales tuvieron una contribución significativa en los cambios en la desigualdad y que este efecto fue explicado principalmente por la consecuencia igualadora que tuvieron las fuentes públicas en los cuatro países analizados. La dinámica de los cambios en esta fuente de ingreso y su efecto en la desigualdad estuvo fuertemente asociada con la instrumentación o expansión de programas de transferencia no contributivos en el pasado decenio.

Suggested Citation

  • Alejo, Javier. & Bérgolo, Marcelo. & Carbajal, Fedora., 2014. "Las transferencias públicas y su efecto distributivo. La experiencia de los países del Cono Sur en el decenio de los 2000," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(321), pages 163-198, enero-mar.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:81:y:2014:i:321:p:163-198
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v81i321.111
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    desigualdad; descomposición; ingresos; transferencias públicas; países del Cono Sur.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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