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Políticas macroprudenciales en la América Latina. Fundamentos institucionales

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  • Jácome,Luis I.

    (Fondo Monetario Internacional)

Abstract

One of the legacies of the financial crisis in the United States and Europe is the adoption of macroprudential policies in an increasing number of countries, including in Latin America. These policies aim to prevent future financial crises through the adoption of far-reaching reforms that involve changing the institutional framework for monetary and financial policies, using models and indicators to monitor the buildup of systemic risks, and utilizing instruments designed to prevent the materialization of those risks. The objective of this paper is to examine the institutional aspects of macroprudential policy in Latin America. In particular, it assesses the strengths and weaknesses of existing institutional models and offers suggestions to improve the effectiveness of those models. The analysis focuses on the two main institutional arrangements that exist in this region, the “Pacific” model which includes countries like Chile, Colombia, Peru, Costa Rica and Mexico, and the “Atlantic” model, which includes countries such as Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay.// Entre los legados que deja la crisis financiera de los Estados Unidos y países de Europa está la implantación de políticas macroprudenciales en estos países y en un número creciente de otros países del mundo, incluidos algunos de la América Latina, con el fin de evitar nuevas crisis financieras. Esta reforma ha significado el establecimiento de nuevas bases institucionales, el uso de modelos e indicadores que permitan anticipar y prevenir que dichas crisis ocurran y el uso de instrumentos correctivos de la acumulación de vulnerabilidades financieras. Este estudio examina los aspectos institucionales de la política macroprudencial en la América Latina, las decisiones que se han tomado, y sus fortalezas y debilidades. En particular, analiza el alcance de estas reformas en los dos modelos institucionales que existen en esta región para la aplicación de las políticas monetarias y financieras: el modelo “Pacífico” que incluye a países como Chile, Colombia, Perú, Costa Rica y México, y el modelo “Atlántico”, que incluye a países como Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay.

Suggested Citation

  • Jácome,Luis I., 2013. "Políticas macroprudenciales en la América Latina. Fundamentos institucionales," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(320), pages 723-770, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:80:y:2013:i:320:p:723-770
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v80i320.102
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    política macroprudencial; estabilidad financiera; crisis sistémicas; bancos centrales; supervisión bancaria. Classification- JEL: E58; E61; G28.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination

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