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Argentina y su inserción en el mundo financiero a fines de 1890. El Sistema de Bancos Garantizados

Author

Listed:
  • Martí, Gerardo Marcelo

    (Archivo Histórico del Banco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires)

Abstract

Currently, the need to understand this system, re updates the knowledge problem, by means of a methodology that addresses problems with a historical approach. This essay intends to encourage reflection about capitalism, the financial world and the insertion of the surrounding countries, focusing on the banks. In this case, the paradigm is Argentina and the origin of a banking net with international links. It also promotes the beginning of the banking system, breaking the issue free banking and consequently a management operating order which is centralized and leads to a progressive transformation of the commercial banking. In this context, the case of the Guaranteed Banking System in Argentina has not called historians’ attention nor were they interested in a deep analysis about its importance. It seemed that the classic trend contribution of the economic historiography was enough, justifying “emisionismo” as the essential cause of the financial crisis. The depreciated currency, joined to a gold pattern system, prevailed in the unlucky causes of the crisis and the attitude of the governing elite especulated through the administrative corruption. These reasons, analyzed through new statements, seemed to show certain inaccuracy, stating the lack of detailed essays about the banks that would start the way a of new historical research and facilitate the access of the historical knowledge of the Argentine banking.// En la actualidad la necesidad de comprender el presente reactualiza el problema del conocimiento, por medio de una metodología que aborde los problemas con un carácter histórico. Este ensayo pretende promover la reflexión acerca del sistema capitalista, el mundo financiero y la inserción de los países periféricos, con hincapié en los bancos; en este caso el paradigma es la Argentina y el origen de una red bancaria con vínculos internacionales. El nacimiento del sistema bancario, la ruptura con la banca libre de emisión y por ende un ordenamiento operativo de gestión administrada centralizadamente que induce a la transformación progresiva de la banca comercial. En este contexto el caso del Sistema de Bancos Garantizados en la Argentina no había merecido la atención de los historiadores y mucho menos un análisis detenido de su importancia. Parecía que era suficiente lo aportado por la corriente clásica de la historiografía económica, que justifica el emisionismo como la causa fundamental de la crisis financiera. El papel moneda depreciado unido a un sistema de patrón oro prevalecía en las causas infortunadas de la crisis y las actitudes de la élite gobernante provocaban la especulación mediante la corrupción administrativa. Estas razones analizadas en los nuevos testimonios parecen probar ciertas inexactitudes, poniendo de manifiesto la ausencia de ensayos más profundos respecto a los bancos, lo que iniciaría el camino de nuevas investigaciones históricas y facilitaría el acceso al conocimiento histórico de la banca en la Argentina.

Suggested Citation

  • Martí, Gerardo Marcelo, 2005. "Argentina y su inserción en el mundo financiero a fines de 1890. El Sistema de Bancos Garantizados," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(285), pages 55-111, enero-mar.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:72:y:2005:i:285:p:55-111
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    historia de la banca; Argentina; revisión de la política bancaria; crisis de la banca; problemas de la moneda;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E5 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System

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