IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/elt/journl/v69y2002i275p281-325.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Crecimiento, comercio y movimientos de capital en economías de oferta ilimitada de trabajo

Author

Listed:
  • Romero, José

    (El Colegio de México)

  • Fernández, Óscar

    (El Colegio de México)

Abstract

In this paper, a growth model for an underdevelopment economy is constructed. This model is characterized by having a modern sector which is unable to absorb all the existing labor force, and other sector absorbing the remaining labor force. Once the model is completed, the effect of a technological change that improves the productivity of the subsistence activities is analyzed. It is shown that this technological change increase both per capita income and the real wage. It is suggested that this may imply a possible growth strategy. The opening of this economy to international trade is also considered, and the specialization patterns under the assumption of a small economy are examined. This assumption is then abandoned, and the terms of trade are explicitly considered. For this purpose, two regions that trade among themselves are considered: North and South. The North is a modern economy and the South is underdeveloped. It is found that the growth rate in the South depends on the growth rate in the North. It is also found that the South cannot do much to increase the share of the modern sector in its economy, since increases in the frugality or in productivity deteriorate the terms of trade, neutralizing with it, the capacity of capital accumulation of the region. Finally international movements of capital are considered, and it is found that increase in foreign investment produce a reduction in both national and total investment in the South. That is, foreign investment crowds out national investment, and the increases in foreign investment do not compensate the reduction in national investment.// En este trabajo se elabora un modelo de crecimiento para una economía atrasada. El modelo para esta economía se caracteriza por tener un sector moderno incapaz de absorber toda la mano de obra existente, lo que obliga a los trabajadores que no logran emplearse en ese sector a permanecer en actividades de subsistencia. Se analiza en efecto de un cambio tecnológico que mejore la productividad de las actividades de subsistencia, y se demuestra que este cambió tecnológico aumenta el ingreso per capita y el salario real de esta economía; se sugiere que esta puede ser una posible estrategia de crecimiento. También se considera la apertura de esta economía al comercio internacional, y se determinan las pautas de especialización en el supuesto de una economía pequeña. Luego se abandona este supuesto y se toman en cuenta explícitamente los términos de intercambio. Para ello, se suponen dos regiones que comercian: Norte y Sur, en las que el Norte es una economía moderna y el Sur es una economía atrasada. Se encuentra que la tasa de crecimiento del Sur es endógena y depende de la tasa de crecimiento del Norte; también se encuentra que el Sur no puede hacer mucho para aumentar la participación del sector moderno de su economía, ya que aumentos en la frugalidad o en la productividad deterioran los términos de intercambio, neutralizando con ello la capacidad de acumulación de capital de la región. Por último se consideran los movimientos internacionales de capital y se observa que aumentos en la inversión extranjera ocasionan reducciones en la inversión nacional y total en el Sur; esto es, la inversión extranjera desplaza a la nacional, pero, además, los incrementos en la inversión extranjera no compensan la reducción en la inversión nacional.

Suggested Citation

  • Romero, José & Fernández, Óscar, 2002. "Crecimiento, comercio y movimientos de capital en economías de oferta ilimitada de trabajo," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(275), pages 281-325, julio-sep.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:69:y:2002:i:275:p:281-325
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:69:y:2002:i:275:p:281-325. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Nuria Pliego Vinageras (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.fondodeculturaeconomica.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.