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Efectos de la apertura y de la integración regional en las pautas de comercio. En el caso de la Argentina

Author

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  • Bekerman, Martha

    (Centro de Estudios de la Estructura Económica (CENES) del Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires)

  • Sirlin, Pablo

    (Centro de Estudios de la Estructura Económica (CENES) del Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires)

Abstract

This work observes the main transformations that took place in the pattern of international trade specialization of the Argentine economy during the period 1986-1994. Those transformations are analysed not only at a sectoral level but also taking into account their technological profile and labor intensity. The main changes that took place in the Argentine pattern of specialization whit its main comercial partners ( Brazil, USA, and European Community) were also analized. The study shows that the Argentina pattern of specialization is clearly dual (with clear comparative advantages in primary products and agricultural manufactures, and strong disadvantages in industrial products). A similar pattern although less pronounced is shown in the commercial relations with Brazil. In both cases the dual character of the Argentine pattern of specialization was reinforced since 1990.// El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las principales transformaciones en la especialización internacional de la economía argentina durante el periodo de 1986-1994. Dichas transformaciones se analizan tanto desde una perspectiva sectorial como desde su característica tecnológica. Asimismo se estudian las especificidades propias de la especialización resultante del comercio bilateral con los principales socios comerciales de la Argentina (Brasil, Estados Unidos y Comunidad Europea). El estudio muestra la existencia de una pauta de especialización claramente dual, con grandes ventajas comparativas en productos primarios, manufacturas de origen agropecuario y, más recientemente, productos energéticos y manifiestas desventajas comparativas en las manufacturas de origen industrial. La misma pauta pero más atenuada se refleja en el comercio con Brasil. Es de destacar que a partir de 1990 en ambos casos se produce una gran profundización del carácter dual de la especialización.

Suggested Citation

  • Bekerman, Martha & Sirlin, Pablo, 1997. "Efectos de la apertura y de la integración regional en las pautas de comercio. En el caso de la Argentina," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 64(255), pages 319-364, : julio-s.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:64:y:1997:i:255:p:319-364
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