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Reshaping the state from above, from within, from below: implications for public health

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  • Reich, Michael R.

Abstract

The modern state is being reshaped by multiple forces acting simultaneously. From above, the state is actively constrained by agreements promoted by international agencies and by the power of multinational corporations. From within, the state is being reshaped by increasing trends toward marketization and by problems of corruption. From below, the state's role is being diminished by the expansion of decentralization and by the rising influence of non-governmental organizations. This article explores these three sets of processes--from above, from within, and from below--and suggests some implications for public health. Public health professionals require an understanding of the changing nature of the state, because of the consequences for thinking about the metaphors, solutions, and strategies for public health.

Suggested Citation

  • Reich, Michael R., 2002. "Reshaping the state from above, from within, from below: implications for public health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 54(11), pages 1669-1675, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:54:y:2002:i:11:p:1669-1675
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Shin, Young-Jeon, 2006. "Policy context of the poor progress of the pro-poor policy: A case study on the Medical-Aid policy during Kim Dae-jung's Government (1998-2002) in the Republic of Korea," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(2-3), pages 209-223, October.
    2. Streefland, Pieter, 2005. "Public health care under pressure in sub-Saharan Africa," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(3), pages 375-382, March.
    3. Rosenberg, Alana & Hartwig, Kari & Merson, Michael, 2008. "Government-NGO collaboration and sustainability of orphans and vulnerable children projects in southern Africa," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 51-60, February.
    4. Khaleghian, Peyvand & Gupta, Monica Das, 2005. "Public management and the essential public health functions," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 33(7), pages 1083-1099, July.
    5. Gottlieb, Nora & Filc, Dani & Davidovitch, Nadav, 2012. "Medical humanitarianism, human rights and political advocacy: The case of the Israeli Open Clinic," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(6), pages 839-845.
    6. Carlota Quintal, 2009. "Aversion to geographic inequality and geographic variation in preferences in the context of healthcare," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 7(2), pages 121-136, June.

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