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Ethanol-electric propulsion as a sustainable technological alternative for urban buses in Brazil

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  • Sampaio, Marcelo Regattieri
  • Rosa, Luiz Pinguelli
  • D'Agosto, Márcio de Almeida

Abstract

The option of fitting electric motors to vehicles that are more efficient and quieter than internal combustion engines has been hampered considerably, looking only at the use of conventional batteries supplying electricity. This is basically due to low gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of these devices that result in shorter autonomy, in addition to more weight and less usable space in the vehicle. An alternative that could make electric motors more attractive for vehicular applications by replacing batteries as the main electricity source is the fuel cell. Hydrogen is the main fuel used in these cells, but the hydrogen storage systems developed so far are heavier and bulkier than their equivalent for conventional liquid fuels such as diesel, gasoline and alcohol, despite heavier energy densities compared to batteries. This paper reviews technological aspects of fuel cells, the main storage systems for hydrogen and other energy sources, data on fuel use and the types of vehicles most commonly used in the Brazilian road transportation sector, followed by an overview of the insertion of hybrid ethanol-electric buses in Brazil.

Suggested Citation

  • Sampaio, Marcelo Regattieri & Rosa, Luiz Pinguelli & D'Agosto, Márcio de Almeida, 2007. "Ethanol-electric propulsion as a sustainable technological alternative for urban buses in Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(7), pages 1514-1529, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:11:y:2007:i:7:p:1514-1529
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Silveira, José Luz & Braga, Lúcia Bollini & de Souza, Antonio Carlos Caetano & Antunes, Julio Santana & Zanzi, Rolando, 2009. "The benefits of ethanol use for hydrogen production in urban transportation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(9), pages 2525-2534, December.
    2. Sadeghinezhad, E. & Kazi, S.N. & Sadeghinejad, Foad & Badarudin, A. & Mehrali, Mohammad & Sadri, Rad & Reza Safaei, Mohammad, 2014. "A comprehensive literature review of bio-fuel performance in internal combustion engine and relevant costs involvement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 29-44.
    3. Ehteshami, S. Mohsen Mousavi & Vignesh, S. & Rasheed, R.K.A. & Chan, S.H., 2016. "Numerical investigations on ethanol electrolysis for production of pure hydrogen from renewable sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 388-393.
    4. Soni, Dinesh Kumar & Gupta, Rajesh, 2017. "Application of nano emulsion method in a methanol powered diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 638-648.
    5. Galdos, Marcelo & Cavalett, Otávio & Seabra, Joaquim E.A. & Nogueira, Luiz Augusto Horta & Bonomi, Antonio, 2013. "Trends in global warming and human health impacts related to Brazilian sugarcane ethanol production considering black carbon emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 576-582.
    6. Gandhi, Oktoviano & Oshiro, Andre H. & Medeiros Costa, Hirdan Katarina de & Santos, Edmilson M., 2017. "Energy intensity trend explained for Sao Paulo state," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 1046-1054.
    7. Dodic, Sinisa N. & Popov, Stevan D. & Dodic, Jelena M. & Rankovic, Jovana A. & Zavargo, Zoltan Z. & Golusin, Mirjana T., 2010. "An overview of biomass energy utilization in Vojvodina," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 550-553, January.
    8. Salman Abdu Ahmed & Song Zhou & Yuanqing Zhu & Asfaw Solomon Tsegay & Yoming Feng & Naseem Ahmad & Adil Malik, 2020. "Effects of Pig Manure and Corn Straw Generated Biogas and Methane Enriched Biogas on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Dual Fuel Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-23, February.

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