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Environmental protection and the freedom of the high seas: The Baltic Sea as a PSSA from a Swedish perspective

Author

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  • Uggla, Ylva

Abstract

In 2005, the Baltic Sea, except for its Russian waters, was designated as a particularly sensitive sea area (PSSA) by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The previous designation of the Western European waters as a PSSA--intensely debated within the IMO--had repercussions for this process. Reviewing the case exposes the conflict between the fundamental principles, territorial sovereignty, and freedom of the high seas that international law seeks to balance. Likewise, review indicates that the PSSA concept is under almost constant reconceptualization as it is put to test in practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Uggla, Ylva, 2007. "Environmental protection and the freedom of the high seas: The Baltic Sea as a PSSA from a Swedish perspective," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 251-257, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:marpol:v:31:y:2007:i:3:p:251-257
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Knudsen, Olav F., 2010. "Transport interests and environmental regimes: The Baltic Sea transit of Russian oil exports," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 151-160, January.
    2. Fransson Anna-Lisa & Elander Ingemar & Lidskog Rolf, 2011. "Framing Issues and Forming Opinions: The Baltic Sea Pipeline in the Swedish Media," European Spatial Research and Policy, Sciendo, vol. 18(2), pages 95-110, November.
    3. Haapasaari, Päivi & Helle, Inari & Lehikoinen, Annukka & Lappalainen, Jouni & Kuikka, Sakari, 2015. "A proactive approach for maritime safety policy making for the Gulf of Finland: Seeking best practices," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 107-118.

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