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The agglomeration of American R&D labs

Author

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  • Buzard, Kristy
  • Carlino, Gerald A.
  • Hunt, Robert M.
  • Carr, Jake K.
  • Smith, Tony E.

Abstract

We employ a unique data set to examine the spatial clustering of about 1700 private R&D labs in California and in the U.S. Northeast Corridor. Using these data, which contain the R&D labs’ complete addresses, we are able to more precisely locate innovative activity than with patent data, which only contain zip codes for inventors’ residential addresses. We avoid the problems of scale and borders associated with using fixed spatial boundaries, such as zip codes, by developing a new point-pattern procedure. Our multiscale core-cluster approach identifies the location and size of significant R&D clusters at various scales, such as a half mile, 1 mile, 5 miles, and more. Our analysis identifies four major clusters in the Northeast Corridor (one each in Boston, New York–Northern New Jersey, Philadelphia–Wilmington, and Washington, D.C.,) and three major clusters in California (one each in the Bay Area, Los Angeles, and San Diego).

Suggested Citation

  • Buzard, Kristy & Carlino, Gerald A. & Hunt, Robert M. & Carr, Jake K. & Smith, Tony E., 2017. "The agglomeration of American R&D labs," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 14-26.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:juecon:v:101:y:2017:i:c:p:14-26
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2017.05.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Stefano Magrini & Marco Di Cataldo & Margherita Gerolimetto, 2020. "Urban Growth and Convergence Dynamics after COVID-19," Working Papers 2020:18, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    3. Laiqun Jin & Xiuyan Liu & Sam Hak Kan Tang, 2021. "High-Technology Zones, Misallocation of Resources among Cities and Aggregate Productivity: Evidence from China," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 21-11, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics.
    4. Bartelme, Dominick & Ziv, Oren, 2023. "JUE Insight: Firms and industry agglomeration," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    5. Yu Chen & Haoming Shi & Jun Ma & Victor Shi, 2020. "The Spatial Spillover Effect in Hi-Tech Industries: Empirical Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-16, February.
    6. Dong, Xiaofang & Zheng, Siqi & Kahn, Matthew E., 2020. "The role of transportation speed in facilitating high skilled teamwork across cities," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    7. Buzard, Kristy & Carlino, Gerald A. & Hunt, Robert M. & Carr, Jake K. & Smith, Tony E., 2020. "Localized knowledge spillovers: Evidence from the spatial clustering of R&D labs and patent citations," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    8. Stefano Magrini & Alessandro Spiganti, "undated". "A Tale of Two Cities: Communication, Innovation, and Divergence," Working Papers 2021:28, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    9. Stefano Magrini & Alessandro Spiganti, 2021. "The Day After Covid-19: Implications for Growth, Specialization, and Inequality," Working Papers 2021:13, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    10. Chattergoon, B. & Kerr, W.R., 2022. "Winner takes all? Tech clusters, population centers, and the spatial transformation of U.S. invention," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(2).
    11. Stefano Magrini & Alessandro Spiganti, 2024. "A tale of two cities: Communication, innovation, and divergence," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 62(1), pages 390-413, January.
    12. Jin, Peizhen & Mangla, Sachin Kumar & Song, Malin, 2021. "Moving towards a sustainable and innovative city: Internal urban traffic accessibility and high-level innovation based on platform monitoring data," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    13. Ina Ganguli & Jeffrey Lin & Nicholas Reynolds, 2017. "The Paper Trail of Knowledge Spillovers: Evidence from Patent Interferences [REVISED]," Working Papers 17-44, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    14. Moretti, Enrico, 2019. "The Effect of High-Tech Clusters on the Productivity of Top Inventors," CEPR Discussion Papers 13992, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    15. Thisse, Jacques-François & Liang, Wen-Jung & Mai, Chao-Cheng & Wang, Ping, 2019. "On the Economics of Science Parks," CEPR Discussion Papers 13568, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
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    17. Sergey Kichko & Wen-Jung Liang & Chao-Cheng Mai & Jacques-Francois Thisse & Ping Wang & Sergei Kichko, 2020. "The Rise (and Fall) of Tech Clusters," CESifo Working Paper Series 8527, CESifo.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Spatial clustering; Geographic concentration; R&D labs; Innovation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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