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Monetary policy and covered interest parity in the post GFC period: Evidence from the Australian dollar and the NZ dollar

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  • Fukuda, Shin-ichi
  • Tanaka, Mariko

Abstract

After the global financial crisis (GFC), most major currencies had higher interest rates than the US dollar on forward contract because of increased demand for the US dollar as international liquidity. However, unlike the other major currencies, the Australian dollar and the NZ dollar had lower interest rates than the US dollar on forward contract in the post GFC period. The purpose of this paper is to explore why this happened through estimating the covered interest parity (CIP) condition. In the analysis, we focus on a unique feature of Australia and New Zealand where short-term interest rates remained significantly positive even after the GFC. The paper first constructs a theoretical model where increased liquidity risk causes deviations from the CIP condition. It then tests this theoretical implication by using daily data of six major currencies. We find that both money market risk measures and policy rates had significant effects on the CIP deviations. The result implies that unique monetary policy feature in Australia and New Zealand made deviations from the CIP condition distinct on the forward contract.

Suggested Citation

  • Fukuda, Shin-ichi & Tanaka, Mariko, 2017. "Monetary policy and covered interest parity in the post GFC period: Evidence from the Australian dollar and the NZ dollar," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 301-317.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jimfin:v:74:y:2017:i:c:p:301-317
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2017.02.022
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    Cited by:

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    2. Chen, W.D., 2020. "Liquidity, covered interest rate parity, and zero lower bound in Japan’s foreign exchange markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 334-349.
    3. Wajid Shakeel Ahmed & Shoaib Khattak & Ijlal Ahmed, 2023. "Do forward premium rates predict the spot rates? Comparison of developed and emerging economies," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(2), pages 2178-2187, April.
    4. Ibhagui, Oyakhilome, 2020. "Sovereign Risk, Cross-Currency Basis and Equity Markets: A Cross-Market Dynamic Interaction," MPRA Paper 100946, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Narayan, Paresh Kumar & Sharma, Susan Sunila & Phan, Dinh Hoang Bach & Liu, Guangqiang, 2020. "Predicting exchange rate returns," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(C).
    6. Wai-Mun Har & Ai-Lian Tan & Chong-Heng Lim & Chai-Thing Tan, 2017. "Does Interest Rate Still Matter in Determining Exchange Rate?," Capital Markets Review, Malaysian Finance Association, vol. 25(1), pages 19-25.
    7. Geyikçi, Utku Bora & Özyıldırım, Süheyla, 2023. "Deviations from covered interest parity in the emerging markets after the global financial crisis," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    8. Ibhagui, Oyakhilome, 2021. "How do sovereign risk, equity and foreign exchange derivatives markets interact?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 58-78.
    9. Fukuda, Shin-ichi, 2016. "Strong sterling pound and weak European currencies in the crises: Evidence from covered interest parity of secured rates," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 109-122.
    10. Sevgi Coşkun & Oyakhilome Ibhagui, 2022. "Technology shocks and covered interest parity deviations in emerging market economies," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 63(3), pages 1337-1374, September.
    11. Adewuyi, Adeolu O. & Ogebe, Joseph O., 2019. "The validity of uncovered interest parity: Evidence from african members and non-member of the organisation of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC)," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 229-249.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Covered interest parity; Monetary policy; The global financial crisis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration

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