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Effects of the volatility smile on exchange settlement practices: The Hong Kong case

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  • Chang, Eric C.
  • Ren, Jinjuan
  • Shi, Qi

Abstract

The well-documented volatility smile phenomenon in the US options market has affected the option settlement practices of other markets. To settle Hang Seng Index (HSI) options, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange artificially builds in a piecewise linear "smile" or "sneer" volatility function, which is determined daily by market makers rather than directly by market forces. In this study, we investigate the time-varying settlement function and find the following economic determinants of the volatility function: lag parameters, current-day HSI returns, the distribution of HSI returns, transaction costs as proxied by the bid-ask spread, and the "Monday effect". For evaluation purposes, we use as a benchmark the estimated piecewise linear volatility function as directly driven by market forces. The comparison analyses show that base volatilities set by market makers run somewhat high, while downside slopes are not steep enough. This results in the overpricing of the lion's share of traded options. An economic determinants analysis of market-force-driven parameters reveals that market makers can better align artificial volatility parameters both by reducing reliance on the function parameters of prior days and by more precisely accounting for current-day HSI returns, option time-to-maturity, bid-ask spreads and buying pressure.

Suggested Citation

  • Chang, Eric C. & Ren, Jinjuan & Shi, Qi, 2009. "Effects of the volatility smile on exchange settlement practices: The Hong Kong case," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 98-112, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:98-112
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    1. Andreou, Panayiotis C. & Charalambous, Chris & Martzoukos, Spiros H., 2010. "Generalized parameter functions for option pricing," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 633-646, March.
    2. Yu, Wayne W. & Lui, Evans C.K. & Wang, Jacqueline W., 2010. "The predictive power of the implied volatility of options traded OTC and on exchanges," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 1-11, January.
    3. Szu, Wen-Ming & Wang, Ming-Chun & Yang, Wan-Ru, 2011. "The determinants of exchange settlement practices and the implication of volatility smile: Evidence from the Taiwan Futures Exchange," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 826-838, October.
    4. Kai‐Jiun Chang & Mao‐Wei Hung & Yaw‐Huei Wang & Kuang‐Chieh Yen, 2019. "Volatility information implied in the term structure of VIX," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(1), pages 56-71, January.
    5. Panayiotis Andreou & Chris Charalambous & Spiros Martzoukos, 2014. "Assessing the performance of symmetric and asymmetric implied volatility functions," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 42(3), pages 373-397, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    G13 G18 Smile Piecewise linear volatility function;

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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