Trade, competition, and efficiency
Abstract
We present a general equilibrium model of monopolistic competition featuring pro-competitive effects and a competitive limit, and investigate the impact of trade on welfare and efficiency. Contrary to the constant elasticity case, in which all gains from trade are due to product diversity, our model allows for a welfare decomposition between gains from product diversity and gains from pro-competitive effects. We show that the market outcome is not efficient because too many firms operate at an inefficiently small scale by charging too high markups. We further illustrate that trade raises efficiency by narrowing the gap between the equilibrium utility and the optimal utility. As the population gets arbitrarily large in the integrated economy, the equilibrium utility converges to the optimal utility because of the competitive limit. We finally extend the variable elasticity model to a multi-sector setting, and show that intersectoral distortions are eliminated in the limit. The multi-sector model allows us to illustrate some new aspects arising from intersectoral and intrasectoral allocations, namely that trade leads to structural convergence, rather than sectoral specialization, and that trade induces domestic exit in the nontraded sector.Download Info
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Bibliographic Info
Article provided by Elsevier in its journal Journal of International Economics.
Volume (Year): 87 (2012)
Issue (Month): 1 ()
Pages: 1-17
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Web page: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/505552
Related research
Keywords: Pro-competitive effects; Competitive limit; Excess entry; Trade and efficiency; Monopolistic competition;Other versions of this item:
- Kristian Behrens & Yasusada Murata, 2009. "Trade, Competition, and Efficiency," Cahiers de recherche 0940, CIRPEE.
- D43 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure and Pricing - - - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
- D51 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Exchange and Production Economies
- F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies
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Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.Cited by:
- Novy, Dennis, 2013.
"International trade without CES: Estimating translog gravity,"
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