Resisting the melting pot: The long term impact of maintaining identity for Franco-Americans in New England
Abstract
Approximately 1million French-Canadians moved to the United States, mainly between 1865 and 1930, and most settled in neighboring New England. In 1900 almost a fifth of all persons born in French Canada lived in the U.S. These migrants exerted considerable efforts to maintain their language and to replicate their home country institutions, most notably the schooling system, in their new country. For decades, this resistance to assimilation generated considerable attention and concern in the U.S. The concerns are strikingly similar to those often invoked today in discussions of immigration from Hispanic countries, notably Mexico. Mexicans may not be assimilating into mainstream America as European immigrants did. We look at the convergence in the educational attainment of French Canadian immigrants across generations relative to native English-speaking New Englanders and to European Roman Catholic immigrants. The educational attainment of Franco-Americans lagged that of their fellow citizens over a long period of time. By the time of the 2000 Census, they appear to have largely achieved parity. The effects of World War II, especially military service, were very important in speeding up the assimilation process through a variety of related channels: educational attainment, language assimilation, marrying outside the ethnic group, and moving out of New England. Economic assimilation was very gradual because of the persistence of ethnic enclaves.Download Info
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Bibliographic Info
Article provided by Elsevier in its journal Explorations in Economic History.
Volume (Year): 49 (2012)
Issue (Month): 1 ()
Pages: 30-59
Contact details of provider:
Web page: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/622830
Related research
Keywords: Convergence in educational attainment; Ethnic enclaves; Assimilation;Other versions of this item:
- Mary MacKinnon & Daniel Parent, 2005. "Resisting the Melting Pot: the Long Term Impact of Maintaining Identity for Franco-Americans in New England," Cahiers de recherche 0517, CIRPEE.
- Mary MacKinnon & Daniel Parent, 2006. "Resisting The Melting Pot: The Long Term Impact Of Maintaining Identity For Franco-Americans In New England," Departmental Working Papers 2005-03, McGill University, Department of Economics.
- I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education
- N30 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - General, International, or Comparative
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Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.Cited by:
- Brian Duncan & Stephen J. Trejo, 2011.
"Intermarriage and the Intergenerational Transmission of Ethnic Identity and Human Capital for Mexican Americans,"
Journal of Labor Economics,
University of Chicago Press, vol. 29(2), pages 195 - 227.
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- Duncan, Brian & Trejo, Stephen, 2008. "Intermarriage and the Intergenerational Transmission of Ethnic Identity and Human Capital for Mexican Americans," IZA Discussion Papers 3547, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
- Daniel Parent, 2009.
"Intergenerational Progress In Educational Attainment When Institutional Change Really Matters: A Case Study Of Franco-Americans Vs. Frnech-Speaking Quebeckers,"
Departmental Working Papers
2009-06, McGill University, Department of Economics.
- Parent, Daniel, 2009.
"Intergenerational Progress in Educational Attainment When Institutional Change Really Matters: A Case Study of Franco-Americans vs. French-Speaking Quebecers,"
CLSRN Working Papers
clsrn_admin-2009-36, UBC Department of Economics, revised 26 Jun 2009.
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