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Energy in the New Zealand household, 1974–1980

Author

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  • Peet, N.J.
  • Carter, A.J.
  • Baines, J.T.

Abstract

We evaluate those economically-traded forms of energy which are consumed in the home in New Zealand, either directly as fuel or indirectly embodied in the goods and services that add up to material lifestyle. The methodology involved using data from our energy analysis of the N.Z. economy, and household expenditure survey data from the N.Z. Department of Statistics. Over the period of the survey (1974–1980), average per household consumption of energy decreased by 19% and per capita consumption by 11%. In any year, household energy consumption (both direct and indirect) was closely related to after-tax household income; gasoline consumption was the only area of expenditure that increased faster than income. The principal conclusion of this study is that, even without improvements in the technology of energy use, the overall demand for consumer energy for direct or indirect household consumption in N.Z. is likely to increase at a much slower rate than increases in real income and significantly more slowly than in the past.

Suggested Citation

  • Peet, N.J. & Carter, A.J. & Baines, J.T., 1985. "Energy in the New Zealand household, 1974–1980," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 10(11), pages 1197-1208.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:10:y:1985:i:11:p:1197-1208
    DOI: 10.1016/0360-5442(85)90036-2
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    Cited by:

    1. Lenzen, Manfred & Wier, Mette & Cohen, Claude & Hayami, Hitoshi & Pachauri, Shonali & Schaeffer, Roberto, 2006. "A comparative multivariate analysis of household energy requirements in Australia, Brazil, Denmark, India and Japan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 181-207.
    2. Kerkhof, Annemarie C. & Nonhebel, Sanderine & Moll, Henri C., 2009. "Relating the environmental impact of consumption to household expenditures: An input-output analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(4), pages 1160-1170, February.
    3. Tilov, Ivan & Farsi, Mehdi & Volland, Benjamin, 2019. "Interactions in Swiss households’ energy demand: A holistic approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 136-149.
    4. Pottier, Antonin, 2022. "Expenditure elasticity and income elasticity of GHG emissions: A survey of literature on household carbon footprint," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    5. Roca, Jordi & Serrano, Monica, 2007. "Income growth and atmospheric pollution in Spain: An input-output approach," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(1), pages 230-242, June.
    6. Park, Hi-Chun & Heo, Eunnyeong, 2007. "The direct and indirect household energy requirements in the Republic of Korea from 1980 to 2000--An input-output analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 2839-2851, May.
    7. Mònica Serrano, 2007. "The Production and Consumption Accounting Principles as a Guideline for Designing Environmental Tax Policy," Working Papers 2007.8, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    8. Whan-Sam Chung & Susumu Tohno, 2009. "A Time-Series Energy Input-Output Analysis for Building an Infrastructure for the Energy and Environment Policy in South Korea," Energy & Environment, , vol. 20(6), pages 875-899, October.
    9. Pachauri, Shonali, 2004. "An analysis of cross-sectional variations in total household energy requirements in India using micro survey data," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(15), pages 1723-1735, October.
    10. Ivan Tilov & Benjamin Volland & Mehdi Farsi, 2017. "Interactions in Swiss Households' Energy Demand: A Holistic Approach," IRENE Working Papers 17-11, IRENE Institute of Economic Research.
    11. Serrano, Monica & Roca, Jordi, 2007. "Atmospheric Pollution and Consumption Patterns in Spain: An Input-Output Approach," Climate Change Modelling and Policy Working Papers 9090, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    12. Lenzen, Manfred & Dey, Christopher & Foran, Barney, 2004. "Energy requirements of Sydney households," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(3), pages 375-399, July.
    13. Chung, Whan-Sam & Tohno, Susumu & Shim, Sang Yul, 2009. "An estimation of energy and GHG emission intensity caused by energy consumption in Korea: An energy IO approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(10), pages 1902-1914, October.
    14. Pachauri, Shonali & Spreng, Daniel, 2002. "Direct and indirect energy requirements of households in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(6), pages 511-523, May.
    15. Duarte, Rosa & Mainar, Alfredo & Sánchez-Chóliz, Julio, 2012. "Social groups and CO2 emissions in Spanish households," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 441-450.

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