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Sustainability of algal biofuel production using integrated renewable energy park (IREP) and algal biorefinery approach

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  • Subhadra, Bobban G.

Abstract

Algal biomass can provide viable third generation feedstock for liquid transportation fuel. However, for a mature commercial industry to develop, sustainability as well as technological and economic issues pertinent to algal biofuel sector must be addressed first. This viewpoint focuses on three integrated approaches laid out to meet these challenges. Firstly, an integrated algal biorefinery for sequential biomass processing for multiple high-value products is delineated to bring in the financial sustainability to the algal biofuel production units. Secondly, an integrated renewable energy park (IREP) approach is proposed for amalgamating various renewable energy industries established in different locations. This would aid in synergistic and efficient electricity and liquid biofuel production with zero net carbon emissions while obviating numerous sustainability issues such as productive usage of agricultural land, water, and fossil fuel usage. A 'renewable energy corridor' rich in multiple energy sources needed for algal biofuel production for deploying IREPs in the United States is also illustrated. Finally, the integration of various industries with algal biofuel sector can bring a multitude of sustainable deliverables to society, such as renewable supply of cheap protein supplements, health products and aquafeed ingredients. The benefits, challenges, and policy needs of the IREP approach are also discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Subhadra, Bobban G., 2010. "Sustainability of algal biofuel production using integrated renewable energy park (IREP) and algal biorefinery approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(10), pages 5892-5901, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:38:y:2010:i:10:p:5892-5901
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    2. Subhadra, Bobban G., 2011. "Water management policies for the algal biofuel sector in the Southwestern United States," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3492-3498.
    3. Kasivisvanathan, Harresh & Barilea, Ivan Dale U. & Ng, Denny K.S. & Tan, Raymond R., 2013. "Optimal operational adjustment in multi-functional energy systems in response to process inoperability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 492-500.
    4. Subhadra, Bobban G. & Edwards, Mark, 2011. "Coproduct market analysis and water footprint of simulated commercial algal biorefineries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3515-3523.
    5. Alvin B. Culaba & Aristotle T. Ubando & Phoebe Mae L. Ching & Wei-Hsin Chen & Jo-Shu Chang, 2020. "Biofuel from Microalgae: Sustainable Pathways," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-19, September.
    6. Uday Singh & A. Ahluwalia, 2013. "Microalgae: a promising tool for carbon sequestration," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 73-95, January.
    7. Budzianowski, Wojciech M. & Postawa, Karol, 2016. "Total Chain Integration of sustainable biorefinery systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1432-1446.
    8. Shah, Syed Hasnain & Raja, Iftikhar Ahmed & Rizwan, Muhammad & Rashid, Naim & Mahmood, Qaisar & Shah, Fayyaz Ali & Pervez, Arshid, 2018. "Potential of microalgal biodiesel production and its sustainability perspectives in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 76-92.
    9. Aghbashlo, Mortaza & Mandegari, Mohsen & Tabatabaei, Meisam & Farzad, Somayeh & Mojarab Soufiyan, Mohamad & Görgens, Johann F., 2018. "Exergy analysis of a lignocellulosic-based biorefinery annexed to a sugarcane mill for simultaneous lactic acid and electricity production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 623-638.
    10. Tredici, M.R. & Bassi, N. & Prussi, M. & Biondi, N. & Rodolfi, L. & Chini Zittelli, G. & Sampietro, G., 2015. "Energy balance of algal biomass production in a 1-ha “Green Wall Panel” plant: How to produce algal biomass in a closed reactor achieving a high Net Energy Ratio," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1103-1111.
    11. Yang, Perry Pei-Ju & Quan, Steven Jige & Castro-Lacouture, Daniel & Stuart, Ben J., 2018. "A Geodesign method for managing a closed-loop urban system through algae cultivation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 1372-1382.
    12. Jambo, Siti Azmah & Abdulla, Rahmath & Mohd Azhar, Siti Hajar & Marbawi, Hartinie & Gansau, Jualang Azlan & Ravindra, Pogaku, 2016. "A review on third generation bioethanol feedstock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 756-769.
    13. Huiru Zhao & Nana Li, 2016. "Optimal Siting of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles Based on Fuzzy Delphi and Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approaches from an Extended Sustainability Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-22, April.
    14. Subhadra, Bobban G., 2011. "Macro-level integrated renewable energy production schemes for sustainable development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 2193-2196, April.
    15. Aasma Saeed & Muhammad Asif Hanif & Asma Hanif & Umer Rashid & Javed Iqbal & Muhammad Irfan Majeed & Bryan R. Moser & Ali Alsalme, 2021. "Production of Biodiesel from Spirogyra elongata , a Common Freshwater Green Algae with High Oil Content," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-10, November.

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