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Effective transport coefficients in PEM fuel cell catalyst and gas diffusion layers: Beyond Bruggeman approximation

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  • Das, Prodip K.
  • Li, Xianguo
  • Liu, Zhong-Sheng

Abstract

The Bruggeman approximation has widely been used for estimating the effective conductivity and diffusivity of both the catalyst and gas diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. This approximation is based on the Bruggeman's Effective Medium Theory [Bruggeman D. Berechnung verschiedener physikalischer konstanten von heterogenen substanzen. Ann Phys (Leipzig) 1935;24:636-79], which provides empirical correlation for the effective properties of a composite system. Since it is an empirical correlation, a unique correlation based on the Bruggeman approximation does not always hold for the PEM fuel cell effective properties. Rather, the Bruggeman correlation is a cell specific and experiment dependent correlation that depends on structure, phase composition, water saturation, experimental parameters, etc. Further, this correlation needs to be combined with other correlations to estimate the effective diffusivities. In this article, a set of mathematical formulations has been proposed for the effective transport properties in both the catalyst and gas diffusion layers of a PEM fuel cell. The effective conductivity and diffusivity expressions are derived from the mathematical formulations of the Hashin Coated Sphere model [Hashin Z. The elastic moduli of heterogeneous materials. J Appl Mech 1962;29:143-50], which provides an identical mathematical foundation for each of these effective properties rather than an empirical correlation and avoid to use of multiple correlations together. The present model formulations agree well with the results available in literature for the limiting case. Hence, the proposed formulations for the effective transport properties will be a useful estimating tool in the numerical modeling of PEM fuel cells.

Suggested Citation

  • Das, Prodip K. & Li, Xianguo & Liu, Zhong-Sheng, 2010. "Effective transport coefficients in PEM fuel cell catalyst and gas diffusion layers: Beyond Bruggeman approximation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(9), pages 2785-2796, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:87:y:2010:i:9:p:2785-2796
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Baschuk, J.J. & Li, Xianguo, 2009. "A comprehensive, consistent and systematic mathematical model of PEM fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 181-193, February.
    2. Probert, S. D. & Thomas, C. B., 1979. "Transport properties of some bismuth-antimony alloys," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 127-140, April.
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    11. Liu, Huize & Hu, Zunyan & Li, Jianqiu & Xu, Liangfei & Shao, Yangbin & Ouyang, Minggao, 2023. "Investigation on the optimal GDL thickness design for PEMFCs considering channel/rib geometry matching and operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    12. Vasile, Nicolò S. & Doherty, Ronan & Monteverde Videla, Alessandro H.A. & Specchia, Stefania, 2016. "3D multi-physics modeling of a gas diffusion electrode for oxygen reduction reaction for electrochemical energy conversion in PEM fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 435-450.
    13. Ruzzante, Pascal & Li, Xianguo, 2023. "3D hybrid stochastic reconstruction of catalyst layers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells from 2D images," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    14. Pan, Mingzhang & Li, Chao & Liao, Jinyang & Lei, Han & Pan, Chengjie & Meng, Xianpan & Huang, Haozhong, 2020. "Design and modeling of PEM fuel cell based on different flow fields," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    15. Zhao, Jian & Shahgaldi, Samaneh & Alaefour, Ibrahim & Xu, Qian & Li, Xianguo, 2018. "Gas permeability of catalyzed electrodes in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 203-210.
    16. Ashorynejad, Hamid Reza & Javaherdeh, Koroush, 2019. "Evaluation of passive and active lattice Boltzmann method for PEM fuel cell modeling," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 535(C).
    17. Aidan Robinson & Prodip K. Das, 2022. "Biomimetic and Constructal Design of Alveolus-Inspired Extended Surfaces for Heat Dispersion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    18. Jiao, Daokuan & Jiao, Kui & Zhong, Shenghui & Du, Qing, 2022. "Investigations on heat and mass transfer in gas diffusion layers of PEMFC with a gas–liquid-solid coupled model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
    19. Zhang, Hongtao & Li, Xianguo & Liu, Xinzhi & Yan, Jinyue, 2019. "Enhancing fuel cell durability for fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles through strategic power management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C), pages 483-490.
    20. Andersson, M. & Beale, S.B. & Espinoza, M. & Wu, Z. & Lehnert, W., 2016. "A review of cell-scale multiphase flow modeling, including water management, in polymer electrolyte fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 757-778.

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