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Irrigation rate and plant density effects on yield and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated corn

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  • El-Hendawy, Salah E.
  • El-Lattief, Essam A. Abd
  • Ahmed, Mohamed S.
  • Schmidhalter, Urs

Abstract

The efficient use of water by modern irrigation systems is becoming increasingly important in arid and semi-arid regions with limited water resources. This study was conducted for 2 years (2005 and 2006) to establish optimal irrigation rates and plant population densities for corn (Zea mays L.) in sandy soils using drip irrigation system. The study aimed at achieving high yield and efficient irrigation water use (IWUE) simultaneously. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block split plot design with three drip irrigation rates (I1: 1.00, I2: 0.80, and I3: 0.60 of the estimated evapotranspiration), and three plant population densities (D1: 48,000, D2: 71,000 and D3: 95,000 plants ha-1) as the main plot and split plot, respectively. Irrigation water applied at I1, I2 and I3 were 5955, 4762 and 3572 m3 ha-1, respectively. A 3-day irrigation interval and three-way cross 310 hybrid corn were used. Results indicated that corn yield, yield components, and IWUE increased with increasing irrigation rates and decreasing plant population densities. Significant interaction effects between irrigation rate and plant population density were detected in both seasons for yield, selected yield components, and IWUE. The highest grain yield, yield components, and IWUE were found for I1D1, I1D2, or I2D1, while the lowest were found for I3D2 or I3D3. Thus, a high irrigation rate with low or medium plant population densities or a medium irrigation rate with a low plant population density are recommended for drip-irrigated corn in sandy soil. Crop production functions with respect to irrigation rates, determined for grain yield and different yield components, enable the results from this study to be extrapolated to similar agro-climatic conditions.

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  • El-Hendawy, Salah E. & El-Lattief, Essam A. Abd & Ahmed, Mohamed S. & Schmidhalter, Urs, 2008. "Irrigation rate and plant density effects on yield and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated corn," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(7), pages 836-844, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:95:y:2008:i:7:p:836-844
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    1. Meng, Xiangping & Lian, Yanhao & Liu, Qi & Zhang, Peng & Jia, Zhikuan & Han, Qingfang, 2020. "Optimizing the planting density under the ridge and furrow rainwater harvesting system to improve crop water productivity for foxtail millet in semiarid areas," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
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    5. Rivera-Hernández, B. & Carrillo-Ávila, E. & Obrador-Olán, J.J. & Juárez-López, J.F. & Aceves-Navarro, L.A., 2010. "Morphological quality of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) ears as response to soil moisture tension and phosphate fertilization in Campeche, Mexico," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(9), pages 1365-1374, September.
    6. Sinha, Indu & Buttar, G.S. & Brar, A.S., 2017. "Drip irrigation and fertigation improve economics, water and energy productivity of spring sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Indian Punjab," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 58-64.
    7. Sampathkumar, T. & Pandian, B.J. & Rangaswamy, M.V. & Manickasundaram, P. & Jeyakumar, P., 2013. "Influence of deficit irrigation on growth, yield and yield parameters of cotton–maize cropping sequence," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 90-102.
    8. Sandhu, Rupinder & Irmak, Suat, 2019. "Assessment of AquaCrop model in simulating maize canopy cover, soil-water, evapotranspiration, yield, and water productivity for different planting dates and densities under irrigated and rainfed cond," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 224(C), pages 1-1.
    9. El-Hendawy, Salah E. & Schmidhalter, Urs, 2010. "Optimal coupling combinations between irrigation frequency and rate for drip-irrigated maize grown on sandy soil," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(3), pages 439-448, March.
    10. Lekakis, E.H. & Georgiou, P.E. & Pavlatou-Ve, A. & Antonopoulos, V.Z., 2011. "Effects of fixed partial root-zone drying irrigation and soil texture on water and solute dynamics in calcareous soils and corn yield," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 101(1), pages 71-80.
    11. Murley, Cameron B. & Sharma, Sumit & Warren, Jason G. & Arnall, Daryl B. & Raun, William R., 2018. "Yield response of corn and grain sorghum to row offsets on subsurface drip laterals," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 357-362.
    12. Mansour, Elsayed & Abdul-Hamid, Mohamed I & Yasin, Mohamed T & Qabil, Naglaa & Attia, Ahmed, 2017. "Identifying drought-tolerant genotypes of barley and their responses to various irrigation levels in a Mediterranean environment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 58-67.
    13. Guo, Jinjin & Fan, Junliang & Xiang, Youzhen & Zhang, Fucang & Yan, Shicheng & Zhang, Xueyan & Zheng, Jing & Li, Yuepeng & Tang, Zijun & Li, Zhijun, 2022. "Coupling effects of irrigation amount and nitrogen fertilizer type on grain yield, water productivity and nitrogen use efficiency of drip-irrigated maize," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    14. Zhou, Lifeng & Feng, Hao & Zhao, Ying & Qi, Zhijuan & Zhang, Tibin & He, Jianqiang & Dyck, Miles, 2017. "Drip irrigation lateral spacing and mulching affects the wetting pattern, shoot-root regulation, and yield of maize in a sand-layered soil," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 114-123.
    15. Couto, A. & Ruiz Padín, A. & Reinoso, B., 2013. "Comparative yield and water use efficiency of two maize hybrids differing in maturity under solid set sprinkler and two different lateral spacing drip irrigation systems in León, Spain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 77-84.
    16. El-Hendawy, Salah E. & Kotab, Maher A. & Al-Suhaibani, Nasser A. & Schmidhalter, Urs, 2014. "Optimal coupling combinations between the irrigation rate and glycinebetaine levels for improving yield and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated maize grown under arid conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 69-78.
    17. Sahoo, Priyanka & Brar, A.S. & Sharma, Sanjula, 2018. "Effect of methods of irrigation and sulphur nutrition on seed yield, economic and bio-physical water productivity of two sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 158-164.
    18. Dong Guo & Chuanyong Chen & Baoyuan Zhou & Di Ma & William D. Batchelor & Xiao Han & Zaisong Ding & Mei Du & Ming Zhao & Ming Li & Wei Ma, 2022. "Drip Fertigation with Relatively Low Water and N Input Achieved Higher Grain Yield of Maize by Improving Pre- and Post-Silking Dry Matter Accumulation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-20, June.
    19. Attia, Ahmed & El-Hendawy, Salah & Al-Suhaibani, Nasser & Alotaibi, Majed & Tahir, Muhammad Usman & Kamal, Khaled Y., 2021. "Evaluating deficit irrigation scheduling strategies to improve yield and water productivity of maize in arid environment using simulation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).

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