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Zehn Jahre Elterngeld: Eine wichtige familienpolitische Maßnahme

Author

Listed:
  • Mathias Huebener
  • Kai-Uwe Müller
  • C. Katharina Spieß
  • Katharina Wrohlich

Abstract

On January 1, 2017, the parental leave benefit will be celebrating its tenth anniversary. Although its implementation was fervidly debated, it has become a widely accepted family policy measure. Its impact on parental labor supply, the division oflabor between parents, fertility, and indicators that reflect the well-being of parents and children have been examined from a variety of perspectives. A global evaluation of relevant economic studies shows that on average, when young familiesreceive the parental leave benefit as an earnings replacement benefit, their economic stability in the first year after childbirth increases. As a result of the parental leave benefit, the employment rate of mothers decreased in the first year after childbirth, while it increased in the second year. The share of fathers who take parental leave has clearly increased, while the effects on the division of labor within the family are inconclusive. Some evidence suggests that the parental leave benefit can even have an effect on fertility. Little is known about its impact on child development. Overall, although the parental leave benefit family policy measure has been successful in many areas, its targeted effects could be augmented by additional family policy reforms. Am 1. Januar 2017 feiert das Elterngeld sein zehnjähriges Bestehen. Gleichwohl die Einführung von einigen Diskussionen begleitet war, ist es inzwischen eine familienpolitische Leistung mit hoher Akzeptanz. Ihre Wirkung auf die Erwerbstätigkeit der Eltern, die partnerschaftliche Arbeitsteilung, die Fertilität und andere Indikatoren, welche das Wohlbefinden von Familien widerspiegeln, wurden aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven untersucht. Eine zusammenfassende Auswertung primär ökonomischer Studien zeigt, dass das Elterngeld als Lohnersatzleistung die wirtschaftliche Stabilität junger Familien im ersten Jahr nach der Geburt eines Kindes im Durchschnitt erhöht. Die Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern im ersten Lebensjahr nach Geburt hat durch das Elterngeld ab-, und im zweiten Lebensjahr zugenommen. Während der Anteil von Vätern in Elternzeit stark gestiegen ist, sind die Effekte auf die partnerschaftliche Arbeitsteilung nicht eindeutig. Effekte auf die Fertilität sind teilweise nachzuweisen. Der Einfluss auf die kindliche Entwicklung wurde bisher kaum untersucht. Insgesamt handelt es sich bei dem Elterngeld um eine in vielen Bereichen erfolgreiche familienpolitische Maßnahme, deren zielorientierte Wirkung allerdings durch weitere familienpolitische Reformen verstärkt werden könnte.

Suggested Citation

  • Mathias Huebener & Kai-Uwe Müller & C. Katharina Spieß & Katharina Wrohlich, 2016. "Zehn Jahre Elterngeld: Eine wichtige familienpolitische Maßnahme," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 83(49), pages 1159-1166.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:83-49-1
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Duffy, Sarah & van Esch, Patrick & Yousef, Murooj, 2020. "Increasing parental leave uptake: A systems social marketing approach," Australasian marketing journal, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 110-118.
    2. Wotschack, Philip, 2018. "Optionszeiten auf Basis von Langzeitkonten - eine kritische Bilanz," Working Paper Forschungsförderung 57, Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Düsseldorf.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    parental leave; parental leave benefit; family policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J18 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Public Policy
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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