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Stromspeicher: eine wichtige Option für die Energiewende

Author

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  • Wolf-Peter Schill
  • Jochen Diekmann
  • Alexander Zerrahn

Abstract

The German energy transition makes it necessary to increase flexibility in the electricity system. Different forms of power storage may play a part in this, yet there is competition with other options on the production or demand side. In the short term, the further expansion of electricity generation from fluctuating renewables will be possible in Germany without additional power storage facilities. In the longer term, however, storage requirements will depend strongly on specific circumstances and are therefore difficult to predict. A model-based analysis shows that requirements for power storage rise sharply when the share of renewable energies is very high, particularly if other potential sources of flexibility are less developed. If options such as flexible generation of electricity from biomass, the enhancement of demandside flexibility, or cross-border contributions to integrating renewable energies develop less favorably than is frequently assumed today, then additional electricity storage facilities will be required and economically beneficial in the long term. For this reason, supporting the development of power storage will be a useful component of a policy designed to safeguard the energy transition for the future. Policy-makers should aim for technological progress and cost reduction in power storage, primarily by means of continued and broadbased support for research and development. At the same time, it should enable a level playing field for competition among the flexibility options in the various areas of application, for example on the control reserve market. Die Energiewende erfordert eine höhere Flexibilität im Stromsystem. Unterschiedliche Arten von Stromspeichern können hierzu beitragen, wobei sie in Konkurrenz zu anderen erzeugungs- und nachfrageseitigen Optionen stehen. Kurzfristig ist der weitere Ausbau der Stromerzeugung aus volatilen erneuerbaren Energien in Deutschland ohne größeren Zubau von Stromspeichern möglich. Der längerfristige Speicherbedarf ist jedoch stark kontextabhängig und deshalb schwer prognostizierbar. Eine modellbasierte Analyse zeigt, dass der Stromspeicherbedarf bei sehr hohen Anteilen erneuerbarer Energien stark ansteigt, insbesondere wenn andere Flexibilitätspotenziale nur in geringerem Maße erschlossen werden. Falls Optionen wie die bedarfsgerechte Verstromung von Biomasse, die Flexibilisierung der Nachfrageseite oder die Beiträge des Auslands zur Integration erneuerbarer Energien sich ungünstiger entwickeln als heute häufig angenommen, sind zusätzliche Stromspeicher längerfristig erforderlich und wirtschaftlich vorteilhaft. Daher ist die Unterstützung der Entwicklung von Stromspeichern ein sinnvolles Element einer vorsorgenden Politik zur Absicherung der Energiewende. Die Politik sollte vor allem durch eine weiterhin breit angelegte Forschungsförderung auf technologische Fortschritte und Kostensenkungen bei Stromspeichern hinwirken. Gleichzeitig sollte ein unverzerrter Wettbewerb von Flexibilitätsoptionen in verschiedenen Anwendungsbereichen, wie zum Beispiel im Regelleistungsmarkt, ermöglicht werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolf-Peter Schill & Jochen Diekmann & Alexander Zerrahn, 2015. "Stromspeicher: eine wichtige Option für die Energiewende," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(10), pages 195-205.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:82-10-1
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Nils May & Karsten Neuhoff, 2016. ""Eigenversorgung mit Solarstrom" - ein Treiber der Energiewende?," DIW Roundup: Politik im Fokus 89, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    2. Claudia Kemfert & Clemens Gerbaulet & Christian von Hirschhausen, 2016. "Stromnetze und Speichertechnologien für die Energiewende - eine Analyse mit Bezug zur Diskussion des EEG 2016: Gutachten im Auftrag der Hermann-Scheer-Stiftung," DIW Berlin: Politikberatung kompakt, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, edition 0, volume 112, number pbk112, Enero-Abr.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Power storage; renewable energy; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources
    • Q47 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy Forecasting
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy

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