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Zur ökonomischen Sinnhaftigkeit von 'Null-Defiziten'

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  • Arne Heise

Abstract

Seit den siebziger Jahren ist die Österreichische Staatsschuldenquote von 17 Prozent am Bruttoinlandsprodukt auf über 60 Prozent zu Beginn des neuen Jahrhunderts gestiegen. Diese Zunahme vollzog sich weitgehend kontinuierlich über die als Austrokeynesianismus bezeichnete Periode bis Ende der siebziger Jahre ebenso wie in der Phase des Austromonetarismus seit Anfang der achtziger Jahre und damit weitgehend unabhängig von der politischen Couleur oder der Koalitionszusammensetzung der jeweiligen Bundesregierung. In jedem Fall ist diese Entwicklung der Erfahrungshintergrund, vor dem die Forderung nach einer Konsolidierung der öffentlichen Finanzen zunehmend laut wird. Als politisches Symbol dient dabei der ausgeglichene öffentliche Haushalt - das ‚Null-Defizit' - als Maßstab für eine als ‚solide' anzusehende Finanzpolitik. In diesem Beitrag werden die verschiedenen ökonomischen Schulen dahin gehend befragt, ob ein ausgeglichener Haushalt jenseits der politischen Symbolik tatsächlich als langfristig gültige Politikregel gerechtfertigt werden kann. Das Ergebnis ist dabei eindeutig: Keine finanztheoretische Schule empfiehlt das ‚Null-Defizit' als langfristig optimale Haushaltsregel: Die postkeynesianische Theorie reklamiert notwendigen Interventionsspielraum für Stabilisierungszwecke, die neoklassische Theorie argumentiert mit der intergenerationalen Lastenverteilung.

Suggested Citation

  • Arne Heise, 2002. "Zur ökonomischen Sinnhaftigkeit von 'Null-Defiziten'," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 28(3), pages 291-308.
  • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2002v:28i:3p:291
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. George A. Akerlof & William R. Dickens & George L. Perry, 1996. "The Macroeconomics of Low Inflation," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 27(1), pages 1-76.
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    1. Bruno Rossmann, 2005. "Ein Rückblick auf die Budgetpolitik Österreichs seit dem Beitritt zur Europäischen Union," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 31(4), pages 493-534.

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