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La régionalisation, moteur de la mondialisation

Author

Listed:
  • Michel Fouquin
  • Jules Hugot

Abstract

Historiens et économistes identifient généralement deux périodes modernes de mondialisation commerciale : la première s’étendrait de la fin du XIXème jusqu’à la Première Guerre mondiale ; la seconde aurait débuté au milieu des années 1970. Ces périodes se caractérisent par une forte baisse des coûts de transaction, dynamisant les échanges commerciaux entre les pays. À partir d’une base de données inédite, la plus complète à ce jour sur le commerce bilatéral, cette Lettre suggère une amorce plus précoce de la Première Mondialisation, dès le début du XIXème siècle. Celle-ci serait donc antérieure aux grandes innovations technologiques telles que le bateau à vapeur et le télégraphe, comme aux politiques de soutien au commerce telles que les traités de libre-échange ou l’étalon-or. Ces deux vagues ont surtout été alimentées par une intensification du commerce intra-régional. De quoi confirmer le paradoxe selon lequel plus le commerce se développe, plus la distance compte.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Fouquin & Jules Hugot, 2016. "La régionalisation, moteur de la mondialisation," La Lettre du CEPII, CEPII research center, issue 365.
  • Handle: RePEc:cii:cepill:2016-365
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • N70 - Economic History - - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, and Other Services - - - General, International, or Comparative

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