Les facteurs actuels qui font de la Science une force productive au service du capital Le quatrième moment de l'organisation de la production

The historical context determines for most part the order of priority of the scientific phenomena to study, the techniques (methods and tools) to use, as well as the social use which will be made of the results. Karl Marx highlighted three stages in the transformation of the production forces of capitalism: meetings of workers isolated under the same management, followed by the division of the work and the differentiation of the tasks, then by the clear separation between intellectual and manual work. This paper presents the fourth stage in the productive organisation: an organisation based on the spatial devolution of the achievement of this production and on decisional, financial and informational centralisation that the applications of contemporary science allow. Concerning the organisation of work, this fourth moment is characterised by the combination in the same group of staff paid by the company itself and a salaried staff paid by other organisations, but appropriated by the company which makes use of the said group. This fourth stage is the one of the unprecedented marketability of science, organised as a network by enterprises and states in a clear technological aim.