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Exports and governance: Is the Middle East and North Africa region different?

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  • Inmaculada Martínez‐Zarzoso
  • Laura Márquez‐Ramos

Abstract

This paper aims to analyse whether better governance rewards economic performance and facilitates the integration of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region into the world economy. In comparison with other regions in the world economy, MENA countries suffer from important institutional deficiencies, which generate insecurity and difficult international transactions. Despite this fact, the relationship between trade and institutional quality in MENA countries remains unexplored. A gravity model of trade augmented with governance indicators is estimated for the exports of 19 MENA countries, their 189 trading partners and for all exporters in the period from 1996 to 2013. The main results indicate that improvements in five of the six governance indicators increase exports from MENA countries, whereas better governance in destination countries does not affect MENA exports. Instead, each of the six governance indicators used has a positive effect on bilateral trade for the entire sample of exporters (189). Moreover, the effect of country‐pair similarity in governance indicators suggests that a similar level of regulatory quality and rule of law in exporting and importing countries increases exports from MENA countries. Similarities in voice and accountability also foster exports for the average exporter, but not for MENA exporters.

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  • Inmaculada Martínez‐Zarzoso & Laura Márquez‐Ramos, 2019. "Exports and governance: Is the Middle East and North Africa region different?," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(1), pages 143-174, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:worlde:v:42:y:2019:i:1:p:143-174
    DOI: 10.1111/twec.12633
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    Cited by:

    1. Javier Barbero & Giovanni Mandras & Ernesto Rodríguez-Crespo & Andrés Rodríguez-Pose, 2021. "Quality of government and regional trade: evidence from European Union regions," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(7), pages 1240-1251, July.
    2. Essotanam Mamba & Afi Balaki, 2023. "Deep regional trade agreement as a driver for global value chains in Africa: the case of ECOWAS region," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 2037-2068, June.
    3. Sangeeta Khorana & Inmaculada Martínez‐Zarzoso, 2020. "Twenty‐First‐Century Trade Governance: Findings From The Commonwealth Countries," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 38(2), pages 380-396, April.
    4. Peiró-Palomino, Jesús & Rodríguez-Crespo, Ernesto & Suárez-Varela, Marta, 2022. "Do countries with higher institutional quality transition to cleaner trade?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    5. Anca Tamas & Dumitru Miron, 2021. "The Governance Impact on the Romanian Trade Flows. An Augmented Gravity Model," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 23(56), pages 276-276, February.
    6. Shadrack Muthami Mwatu, 2022. "Institutions and export performance: firm level evidence from Kenya," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 69(4), pages 487-506, December.
    7. Yang, Xiyan & Lin, Xiaohua, 2022. "Overcoming informal barriers to trade: Immigrant educational attainment vs. network competence," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(1).
    8. Cláudia Braz & Maria Manuel Campos, 2019. "An analytical assessment of the risks to the sustainability of the Portuguese public debt," Economic Bulletin and Financial Stability Report Articles and Banco de Portugal Economic Studies, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.

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