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Genetically Modified Organisms and Trade Rules: Identifying Important Challenges for the WTO

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  • Grant E. Isaac
  • William A. Kerr

Abstract

Controversial debates associated with the establishment of international market access rules for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) illustrate a more general challenge facing the World Trade Organisation (WTO); to acceptably accommodate growing consumer concerns regarding a product's production and processing methods (PPM). This paper aims to clarify the debates by examining the foundations of and the procedures for the WTO's decision–making on PPM–based market access rules. To illustrate this, both an import embargo and a mandatory labelling regulation for GMOs are examined. The strengths and weaknesses of the current decision–making procedure are discussed and options for future negotiations are proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • Grant E. Isaac & William A. Kerr, 2003. "Genetically Modified Organisms and Trade Rules: Identifying Important Challenges for the WTO," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(1), pages 29-42, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:worlde:v:26:y:2003:i:1:p:29-42
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-9701.00508
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    Cited by:

    1. Aparna Sawhney, 2005. "Quality Measures in Food Trade: The Indian Experience," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 329-348, March.
    2. Chantal Pohl Nielsen & Kym Anderson, 2003. "Golden Rice and the Looming GMO Trade Debate: Implication for the Poor," Centre for International Economic Studies Working Papers 2003-22, University of Adelaide, Centre for International Economic Studies.
    3. Isaac, Grant E., 2003. "The WTO and the Cartagena Protocol: International Policy Coordination or Conflict?," CAFRI: Current Agriculture, Food and Resource Issues, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society, issue 4, pages 1-8, December.
    4. Loppacher, Laura J., 2006. "Using Biotechnology to Lower Production Costs of Biofuels in Canada: Will it Hinder the Growth of an Export Industry?," CAFRI: Current Agriculture, Food and Resource Issues, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society, issue 7, pages 1-11, June.
    5. Michaela LUDVÍKOVÁ & Miroslav GRIGA, 2015. "Transgenic flax/linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) - expectations and reality," Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 51(4), pages 123-141.
    6. Kym Anderson, 2005. "Agricultural trade reform and poverty reduction in developing countries," Chapters, in: Sisira Jayasuriya (ed.), Trade Policy Reforms and Development, chapter 9, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    7. Kerr, William A., 2023. "Becalmed: The World Trade Organization at Not Yet Thirty," Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, Estey Centre for Law and Economics in International Trade, vol. 24(2), December.
    8. Taiji Furusawa & Keisaku Higashida & Jota Ishikawa, 2004. "Tariffs versus quotas in the presence of imperfect competition and cross‐border externalities," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(2), pages 445-458, May.
    9. Andy Thorpe & Catherine Robinson, 2004. "When goliaths clash: US and EU differences over the labeling of food products derived from genetically modified organisms," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 21(4), pages 287-298, January.
    10. Hartigan, James C. & McMahon, Joseph A., 2022. "A fuzzy look at a fuzzy agreement: Risk management under the WTO SPS Agreement," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 272-284.
    11. Anderson, Kym & Jackson, Lee Ann, 2004. "GM food technology abroad and its implications for Australia and New Zealand," 2004 Conference (48th), February 11-13, 2004, Melbourne, Australia 58365, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    12. JINJI Naoto, 2007. "Illegal Extractions of Renewable Resources and International Trade with Costly Enforcement of Property Rights," Discussion papers 07011, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).

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