The Malmquist (1953) productivity index has many attractive features. One is that it can be expressed as the product of a technical efficiency change index and a technical change index. In this paper, the authors express the technical change index as the product of a magnitude index and a bias index. They then express the bias index as the product of an output bias index and an input bias index, and they state conditions under which each bias index makes no contribution to productivity change. Coauthors are Emili Griffell-Tatje, Shawna Grosskopf, and C. A. Knox Lovell. Copyright 1997 by The editors of the Scandinavian Journal of Economics.
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