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Labour market effects of urban riots: An experimental assessment

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  • Emmanuel Duguet
  • David Gray
  • Yannick L'Horty
  • Loïc du Parquet
  • Pascale Petit

Abstract

We measure the effects of urban riots on the labour market prospects of workers in the case of the French riots of 2007. The town of Villiers‐le‐Bel is our treatment unit while two other towns serve as control groups, Sarcelles and Enghien‐les‐Bains. Using the technique of correspondence testing, we are able to discern disparities in call‐back rates for fictitious candidates who respond to actual job postings over four dimensions: gender, ethnic origin, locality of residence (advantaged vs. disadvantaged), and the degree of media exposure during the riots. We implement an empirical approach to measure discrimination across several dimensions that integrates a set of relevant parameters into one unified system of equations. We find statistically significant negative estimates of a media exposure effect. People residing in the area which received negative publicity were 3.2 percentage points less likely to receive a callback. The group of workers who tend to be the most associated with the riots, namely, men of North African origin (at least in terms of perceptions), are the least affected by potential discrimination by region of residence, while women of French origin are the most affected. Se miden los efectos de los disturbios urbanos en las perspectivas del mercado laboral de los trabajadores en el caso de los disturbios franceses de 2007. La ciudad de Villiers‐le‐Bel es nuestra unidad de tratamiento, mientras que otras dos ciudades, Sarcelles y Enghien‐les‐Bains, sirven como grupos de control. Mediante el empleo de la técnica de prueba de correspondencia se ha podido discernir las disparidades en las tasas de respuesta de los candidatos ficticios que responden a puestos de trabajo reales respecto a cuatro dimensiones: género, origen étnico, localidad de residencia (favorecidos vs. desfavorecidos), y grado de exposición a los medios de comunicación durante los disturbios. Se implementó un enfoque empírico para medir la discriminación en varias dimensiones, el cuál integra un conjunto de parámetros relevantes en un sistema unificado de ecuaciones. Se encontraron estimaciones negativas estadísticamente significativas de un efecto de exposición a los medios de comunicación. Las personas residentes en la zona que recibieron publicidad negativa tuvieron 3,2 puntos porcentuales menos probabilidades de recibir una llamada de vuelta. El grupo de trabajadores que tiende a ser el más asociado con los disturbios, a saber, los hombres de origen norteafricano (al menos en términos de percepciones), es el menos afectado por la discriminación potencial por región de residencia, mientras que las mujeres de origen francés son las más afectadas. 本稿では、2007年のフランス暴動を例に用いて、労働者の労働市場の情勢に対する都市暴動の効果を評価する。Villiers‐le‐Belの町を実験群、SarcellesとEnghien‐les‐Bainsの2つの町を対照群として検討する。コレスポンデンス分析の手法を用いることで、性別、民族的出自、居住地 (有利な地域と不利な地域)、暴動時のメディアへの露出度という4つの点における、実際の求人に応募した架空の求職者へのコールバック率の格差を識別することができた。いくつかの側面における差別を測定する実証的アプローチを実施し、それにより一連の重要なパラメータをひとつの方程式系に統合する。メディアへの露出の効果に、統計的に有意な負の推定値が認められた。悪い評判を受けた地域の居住者は、コールバックを受ける確率が3.2ポイント低かった。暴動との関連がもっとも強い傾向にある労働者群、すなわち北アフリカ系の男性 (少なくとも外見的な印象で)は、居住地域による差別の影響を最も受けにくいが、フランス系の女性は居住地域による差別の影響を最も強く受ける。

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuel Duguet & David Gray & Yannick L'Horty & Loïc du Parquet & Pascale Petit, 2020. "Labour market effects of urban riots: An experimental assessment," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(3), pages 787-806, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:99:y:2020:i:3:p:787-806
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12483
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    Cited by:

    1. Emmanuel Duguet & Loïc du Parquet & Pascale Petit, 2017. "Hiring discrimination against women: distinguishing taste based discrimination from statistical discrimination," TEPP Working Paper 2017-11, TEPP.
    2. Sylvain Chareyron & Laetitia Challe & Yannick L’Horty & Pascale Petit, 2022. "Can subsidies paid directly to employers reduce residential discrimination in employment? An assessment based on serial field experiments," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 59(6), pages 1202-1218, May.
    3. Emmanuel Duguet & Rémi Le Gall & Yannick L’Horty & Pascale Petit, 2018. "How does labour market history influence the access to hiring interviews?," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 39(4), pages 519-533, July.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C93 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Field Experiments
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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