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Board Composition and Organizational Performance: Two Studies of Insider/outsider Effects

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  • John A. Wagner III
  • J. L. Stimpert
  • Edward I. Fubara

Abstract

This paper presents two studies that examine the commonly held belief that corporate boards are more likely to have positive effects on organizational performance when composed of outside directors. The first study – a meta‐analysis of 63 correlations – indicates that, on average, the greater presence of outsiders is associated with higher performance, but so too is the greater presence of insiders. Instead of providing evidence of a positive outsider effect, these results suggest the existence of a curvilinear homogeneity effect in which performance is enhanced by the greater relative presence of either inside or outside directors. The second study – a hierarchical polynomial regression analysis of data from 259 large US companies – confirms the existence of a curvilinear relationship between insider/outsider composition and performance measured as return on assets.

Suggested Citation

  • John A. Wagner III & J. L. Stimpert & Edward I. Fubara, 1998. "Board Composition and Organizational Performance: Two Studies of Insider/outsider Effects," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(5), pages 655-677, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jomstd:v:35:y:1998:i:5:p:655-677
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-6486.00114
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    Cited by:

    1. G. Tyge Payne & George S. Benson & David L. Finegold, 2009. "Corporate Board Attributes, Team Effectiveness and Financial Performance," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(4), pages 704-731, June.
    2. Wincent, Joakim & Thorgren, Sara & Anokhin, Sergey, 2014. "Entrepreneurial orientation and network board diversity in network organizations," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 327-344.
    3. Changzheng Zhang & Jiao Zhang & Qian Guo, 2018. "Can Political Connections Of Independent Directors Improve Firm Perfomance? Evidence Of Chinese Listed Manufacturing Companies Over 2008 - 2013," Malaysian E Commerce Journal (MECJ), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 2(2), pages 5-12, January.
    4. Kristof Van Assche & Martijn Duineveld & Monica Gruezmacher & Raoul Beunen, 2021. "Steering as Path Creation: Leadership and the Art of Managing Dependencies and Reality Effects," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(2), pages 369-380.
    5. Katja Rost & Soren Salomo & Margit Osterloh, 2008. "CEO Appointments and the Loss of Firm-specific Knowledge - Putting Integrity Back into Hiring Decisions," CREMA Working Paper Series 2008-27, Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA).
    6. Carretta, Alessandro & Farina, Vincenzo & Schwizer, Paola, 2006. "Evaluating the board of directors of financial intermediaries: competencies, effectiveness and performance," MPRA Paper 8299, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Neema Mori & Trond Randøy & Sougand Golesorkhi, 2013. "Determinants of Board Structure in Microfinance Institutions: Evidence from East Africa," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 12(3), pages 323-365, December.
    8. John P. A. Ioannidis & T. D. Stanley & Hristos Doucouliagos, 2017. "The Power of Bias in Economics Research," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 127(605), pages 236-265, October.
    9. Nisansala Wijekoon & A. Abdul Azeez, 2015. "An Integrated Model to Predict Corporate Failure of Listed Companies in Sri Lanka," International Journal of Business and Social Research, LAR Center Press, vol. 5(7), pages 1-14, July.
    10. Abhinav Gupta & Adam J. Wowak & Warren Boeker, 2022. "Corporate directors as heterogeneous network pipes: How director political ideology affects the interorganizational diffusion of governance practices," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(8), pages 1469-1498, August.
    11. Paolo Roffia & Virginia Simón-Moya & Javier Sendra García, 2022. "Board of director attributes: effects on financial performance in SMEs," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 1141-1172, September.
    12. Francesco Debellis & Mariateresa Torchia & Fabio Quarato & Andrea Calabrò, 2023. "Board openness and family firm internationalization: a social capital perspective," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1431-1448, April.
    13. repec:wly:econjl:v::y:2017:i:605:p:f236-f265 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. Jay J. Janney & Steve Gove, 2017. "Firm Linkages to Scandals via Directors and Professional Service Firms: Insights from the Backdating Scandal," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 140(1), pages 65-79, January.
    15. Alexander P. Schudey & Ove Jensen & Nils D. Kraiczy, 2013. "Expatriates-Training = Expatriates-Einsatzerfolg? Eine Metaanalyse," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 65(6), pages 518-552, November.
    16. Wenge Wang, 2014. "Independent Directors and Corporate Performance in China: a Meta-Empirical Study," Proceedings of Economics and Finance Conferences 0401247, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.
    17. Kate Bishop, 2001. "The first phase of the internationalisation process: export determinants in firms of the Former Soviet Union," UCL SSEES Economics and Business working paper series 2, UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies (SSEES).
    18. Laurence Godard, 2010. "Les comités stratégiques et l’innovation dans les entreprises françaises," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, revues.org, vol. 13(1), pages 99-121., March.
    19. Nisansala Wijekoon & A. Abdul Azeez, 2015. "An Integrated Model to Predict Corporate Failure of Listed Companies in Sri Lanka," International Journal of Business and Social Research, MIR Center for Socio-Economic Research, vol. 5(7), pages 1-14, July.
    20. Alessandro Carretta & Vincenzo Farina & Paola Schwizer, 2010. "Assessing effectiveness and compliance of banking boards," Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 18(4), pages 356-369, November.
    21. Neema Mori & Roy Mersland, 2014. "Boards in microfinance institutions: how do stakeholders matter?," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 18(1), pages 285-313, February.
    22. Mosammet Asma Jahan & Martien Lubberink & Karen Van Peursem, 2021. "Does prestigious board membership matter? Evidence from New Zealand," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(1), pages 977-1015, March.

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