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A Bayesian Multiple Comparison Procedure for Order‐Restricted Mixed Models

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  • Junfeng Shang
  • Joseph E. Cavanaugh
  • Farroll T. Wright

Abstract

A Bayesian hierarchical mixed model is developed for multiple comparisons under a simple order restriction. The model facilitates inferences on the successive differences of the population means, for which we choose independent prior distributions that are mixtures of an exponential distribution and a discrete distribution with its entire mass at zero. We employ Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques to obtain parameter estimates and estimates of the posterior probabilities that any two of the means are equal. The latter estimates allow one both to determine if any two means are significantly different and to test the homogeneity of all of the means. We investigate the performance of the model‐based inferences with simulated data sets, focusing on parameter estimation and successive‐mean comparisons using posterior probabilities. We then illustrate the utility of the model in an application based on data from a study designed to reduce lead blood concentrations in children with elevated levels. Our results show that the proposed hierarchical model can effectively unify parameter estimation, tests of hypotheses and multiple comparisons in one setting. Un modèle Bayésien hiérarchique mixte est développé pour des comparaisons multiples avec une simple restriction d'ordre. Le modèle facilite les inférences sur les différences successives des moyennes de population, pour lesquelles nous choisissons des distributions indépendantes préalables qui sont des mélanges d'une distribution exponentielle et d'une distribution discrète avec sa masse entière à zéro. Nous employons les techniques de la chaîne de Markov Monte Carlo pour obtenir des estimations des paramètres et des estimations des probabilités postérieures que deux quelconques des moyennes sont égales. Les seconds estimateurs permettent à chacun de déterminer si deux quelconques des moyennes sont significativement différentes et de tester l'homogénéité de toutes les moyennes. Nous étudions la performance des inférences basées sur des modèles avec des jeux de données simulées, en se concentrant sur l'estimation du paramètre et des comparaisons successives moyennes utilisant des probabilités postérieures. Nous illustrons ensuite l'utilité du modèle dans une application basée sur les données d'une étude destinée à réduire les concentrations de plomb sanguin chez les enfants avec des niveaux élevés. Nos résultats montrent que le modèle hiérarchique proposé peut efficacement unifier l'estimation des paramètres, les hypothèses de tests et les comparaisons multiples dans un seul cadre.

Suggested Citation

  • Junfeng Shang & Joseph E. Cavanaugh & Farroll T. Wright, 2008. "A Bayesian Multiple Comparison Procedure for Order‐Restricted Mixed Models," International Statistical Review, International Statistical Institute, vol. 76(2), pages 268-284, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:istatr:v:76:y:2008:i:2:p:268-284
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-5823.2008.00051.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nashimoto, Kane & Wright, F.T., 2005. "Multiple comparison procedures for detecting differences in simply ordered means," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 291-306, February.
    2. David B. Dunson & Amy H. Herring, 2003. "Bayesian Inferences in the Cox Model for Order-Restricted Hypotheses," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 59(4), pages 916-923, December.
    3. Nashimoto, Kane & Wright, F.T., 2005. "A note on multiple comparison procedures for detecting differences in simply ordered means," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 73(4), pages 393-401, July.
    4. Singh, Bahadur & Wright, F. T., 1990. "Testing for and against an order restriction in mixed-effects models," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 9(2), pages 195-200, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Oh, Man-Suk & Shin, Dong Wan, 2011. "A unified Bayesian inference on treatment means with order constraints," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(1), pages 924-934, January.

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