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From local consciousness to global change: asserting power at the local scale

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  • Mark Pendras

Abstract

The protests that took place at the World Trade Organization meeting in Seattle, Washington, in late 1999 (and the series of similar, subsequent protests around the globe) have marked a new phase in the struggle for social justice. One approach to understanding the demonstrations is to view the activists as protesting what they perceive to be their lack of control– over the conditions of their economies, environments, lives and communities. In association with such protests, discontent has also been manifest through the efforts of local–scale actors to confront a `spaceless and timeless globalization’ by pursuing strategies to assert power over local conditions at the local scale. Using the United States as an example, this article examines such local scale efforts in relation to international political economic changes and after–Fordist urban political restructuring. It explores three ways groups or individuals attempt to pursue local economic development within a liberal democratic capitalist system without compromising the equally important goals of justice and equity: (1) local ownership; (2) local regulation; and (3) local market development. The argument put forward in this article is that, while after–Fordist scalar restructuring represents a strategic effort by capital to gain power over and opportunity for capital accumulation, it may also present new opportunities for social justice activism at the local scale, provided local scale actors can develop and mobilize a consciousness of justice and a multi–scalar understanding of place, and can utilize the politics of scale by linking together similar projects across scalar divisions. Les manifestations qui ont eu lieu lors du sommet de l’Organisation du Commerce International à Seattle, celles de Washington fin 1999 (et l’ensemble des protestations similaires et ultérieures à travers le monde) ont marqué une nouvelle étape dans la lutte pour la justice sociale. On peut appréhender cette agitation en considérant que les activistes protestent contre ce qu’ils perçoivent comme leur absence de maîtrise (sur la situation de leurs économies, environnements, vies et communautés). Parallèlement, un mécontentement s’est exprimé par le biais d’acteurs de niveau local qui cherchaient à défier une ‘mondialisation sans bornes temporelles ni spatiales’ en manoevrant de façon à imposer un pouvoir sur la situation locale â l’échelle locale. A partir du cas des Etats–Unis, cet article étudie ces tentatives locales en function des évolutions politico–économiques internationals et de la restructuration de la politique urbaine de l’après–Fordisme. Il explore trois moyens utilisés par des groupes ou individus s’efforçant de mener à bien l’expansion économique locale au sein d’un sysème capitaliste démocratique libéral sans compromettre les objectifs de justice et d’équité, tout aussi importants, que sont propriété locale, régulation locale et développement du marché local. L’article suggère que si la restructuration d’échelle de l’après–Fordisme représente un effort stratégique du capital pour acquérir du pouvoir et une occasion d’accumuler du capital, elle peut aussi offrir de nouvelles possibilitiés pour un activisme de justice sociale au niveau local, sous réserve que les acteurs à l’échelon local puissent développer et mobiliser une prise de conscience en termes de justice et une comprehénsion du lieu à différentes échelles, et qu’ils puissent exploiter la politique des échelles en reliant les projets similaires appartenant à plusieurs d’entre elles.

Suggested Citation

  • Mark Pendras, 2002. "From local consciousness to global change: asserting power at the local scale," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(4), pages 823-833, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:26:y:2002:i:4:p:823-833
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.00421
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    Cited by:

    1. Paul Routledge, 2010. "Introduction: Cities, Justice and Conflict," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(6), pages 1165-1177, May.
    2. Robert W. Lake, 2016. "Justice As Subject and Object of Planning," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(6), pages 1205-1220, November.

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