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Impact Of Intellectual Property Rights On Genetic Diversity: The Case Of U.S. Wheat

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  • CARL E. PRAY
  • MARY KNUDSON

Abstract

This paper examines the link between passage of the Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA), private R&D, public R&D, and genetic diversity in farmers' fields. PVPA did have a limited positive impact on private wheat breeding but did not lead to a decrease in public wheat research. Instead, public wheat research increased rapidly after PVPA passed. The trends in wheat diversity over time for the entire United States suggest that private research has undergone minor increases in diversity. Regression analysis of genetic diversity in Kansas, Nebraska, and Montana indicates that public sector research has increased diversity in farmers' wheat fields and that PVPA has had a small positive impact on diversity.

Suggested Citation

  • Carl E. Pray & Mary Knudson, 1994. "Impact Of Intellectual Property Rights On Genetic Diversity: The Case Of U.S. Wheat," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 12(1), pages 102-112, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:coecpo:v:12:y:1994:i:1:p:102-112
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-7287.1994.tb00416.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Knudson, Mary K. & Ruttan, Vernon W., 1988. "Research and Development of a Biological Innovation: Commercial Hybrid Wheat," Food Research Institute Studies, Stanford University, Food Research Institute, vol. 21(1), pages 1-24.
    2. Knudson, Mary K., 1990. "The role of the public sector in applied breeding R&D: the case of wheat in the USA," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 209-217, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Swanson, Timothy & Goschl, Timo, 2000. "Property rights issues involving plant genetic resources: implications of ownership for economic efficiency," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 75-92, January.
    2. David Schap & Andrew Young, 2008. "Enterprise and Biodiversity: Do Market Forces Yield Diversity of Life?," Working Papers 9907, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics.
    3. David Schap & Andrew T. Young, 1999. "Enterprise and Biodiversity: Do Market Forces Yield Diversity of Life?," Cato Journal, Cato Journal, Cato Institute, vol. 19(1), pages 49-67, Spring/Su.
    4. Frisvold, George B. & Condon, Peter T., 1998. "The convention on biological diversity and agriculture: Implications and unresolved debates1," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(4), pages 551-570, April.

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