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Threshold Effects and Asymmetric Price Adjustments in U.S. Dairy Markets

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  • Titus O. Awokuse
  • Xiaohong Wang

Abstract

Recent volatility in food prices and the growing disparity between prices at various stages of the marketing channel has generated much interest among agricultural producers, consumers, and policy makers. This study examines the effect of nonlinear threshold dynamics on asymmetric price transmission for three U.S. dairy products (butter, cheese, and fluid milk) using threshold error correction models. The empirical result suggests that price transmission of changes between producer and retail stages of the marketing chain is asymmetric for butter and fluid milk, but not for cheese prices. Also, this paper's findings indicate that conclusions about price asymmetries depend on the model specification assumptions made about symmetry and threshold effects. Thus, previous studies that assumed symmetric behavior and ignored threshold effects may be misleading. La récente volatilité des prix des produits alimentaires et la disparité croissante entre les prix observés aux divers échelons du réseau de distribution ont suscité l'attention des producteurs agricoles, des consommateurs et des décideurs. La présente étude examine l'effet d'une dynamique non linéaire avec seuil sur la transmission asymétrique des prix dans le cas de trois produits laitiers aux États‐Unis (le beurre, le fromage et le lait de consommation), à l'aide de modèles à correction d'erreur avec seuil. Les résultats empiriques montrent que la transmission des variations de prix entre les producteurs agricoles et les détaillants est asymétrique dans le cas du beurre et du lait de consommation, mais ne l'est pas dans le cas du fromage. D'après les résultats de la présente étude, les conclusions concernant l'asymétrie des prix dépendent des hypothèses posées sur la symétrie et les effets de seuil. Par conséquent, les études antérieures dans lesquelles on a supposé un comportement symétrique et ignoré les effets de seuil pourraient induire en erreur.

Suggested Citation

  • Titus O. Awokuse & Xiaohong Wang, 2009. "Threshold Effects and Asymmetric Price Adjustments in U.S. Dairy Markets," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 57(2), pages 269-286, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:57:y:2009:i:2:p:269-286
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7976.2009.01151.x
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