Recessions and the Costs of Job Loss
Abstract
We develop new evidence on the cumulative earnings losses associated with job displacement, drawing on longitudinal Social Security records for U.S. workers from 1974 to 2008. In present value terms, men lose an average of 1.4 years of re-displacement earnings if displaced in mass layoff events that occur when the national unemployment rate is below 6 percent. They lose a staggering 2.8 years of pre-displacement earnings if displaced when the unemployment rate exceeds 8 percent. These results reflect discounting at a 5% annual rate over 20 years after displacement. We also document large cyclical movements in the incidence of job loss and job displacement and present evidence on how worker anxieties about job loss, wage cuts and job opportunities respond to contemporaneous economic conditions. Finally, we confront leading models of unemployment fluctuations with evidence on the present value earnings losses associated with job displacement. The model of Mortensen and Pissarides (1994) extended to include search on the job generates present value losses less than one-fourth as large as observed losses. Moreover, present value losses in the model vary little with aggregate conditions at the time of displacement, unlike the pattern in the data.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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Article provided by Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution in its journal Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.
Volume (Year): 43 (2011)
Issue (Month): 2 (Fall) ()
Pages: 1-72
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Related research
Keywords: job displacement; earnings; unemployment;Other versions of this item:
- Steven J. Davis & Till M. von Wachter, 2011. "Recessions and the Cost of Job Loss," NBER Working Papers 17638, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Steven J. Davis & Till Von Wachter, 2011. "Recessions and the Costs of Job Loss," Working Papers 2011-009, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
- E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution
- J3 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
- J6 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies
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Citations
Blog mentions
As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:- Recessions are costly
by Economic Logician in Economic Logic on 2011-12-29 15:00:00
Cited by:
- Huttunen, Kristiina & Kellokumpu, Jenni, 2012.
"The effect of job displacement on couples' fertility decisions,"
MPRA Paper
36964, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Huttunen, Kristiina & Kellokumpu, Jenni, 2012. "The Effect of Job Displacement on Couples' Fertility Decisions," IZA Discussion Papers 6707, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
- Kristiina Huttunen & Jenni Kellokumpu, 2012. "The Effect of Job Displacement on Couples? Fertility Decisions," Working Papers 29, Government Institute for Economic Research Finland (VATT).
- Ge, Yuhao & Lehmann, Hartmut, 2013. "The Costs of Worker Displacement in Urban Labor Markets of China," IZA Discussion Papers 7327, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
- Y. Ge & H. Lehmann, 2013. "The Costs of Worker Displacement in Urban Labor Markets of China," Working Papers wp876, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna.
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