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Activation of countercyclical capital buffers in Europe: initial experiences
[Activation des coussins contracycliques en Europe : premiers retours d’expérience]

Author

Listed:
  • Cyril Couaillier
  • Julien Idier
  • Valerio Scalone

Abstract

When there is a downturn in the financial cycle, banks restrict credit in anticipation of an increase in risks and related provisions. Macroprudential authorities have a specific instrument at their disposal to deal with this: the countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB). During favourable periods, the CCyB can be increased to impose additional capital holdings on banks, which can then be used during unfavourable periods to absorb losses and ensure an appropriate supply of financing to the economy. Nevertheless, the concern remains that increasing the CCyB could burden the economy with a cost that far outweighs the expected benefits. These fears are unwarranted however: countries that have activated the CCyB have experienced no negative effects and now have widened the policy space that could respond to potential crises. As a precautionary measure, the French macroprudential authority, the Haut Conseil de stabilité financière (HCSF – High Council for Financial Stability), recently increased the countercyclical capital buffer in two steps. Quand le cycle financier se retourne, les banques resserrent le crédit car elles anticipent une hausse des risques et des provisions à constituer. Face à cela, les autorités macroprudentielles disposent d’un instrument adapté : le « coussin contracyclique » (countercyclical capital buffer ou CCyB). En période favorable, il peut être accru pour exiger des banques des fonds propres supplémentaires. Ces fonds seront utilisés en période défavorable pour absorber les pertes et maintenir le financement de l’économie. Toutefois, une hausse du CCyB ne risque-t-elle pas de faire supporter à l’économie un coût trop élevé par rapport aux bénéfices attendus ? Ces craintes ne sont pas justifiées : le CCyB n’a pas entraîné d’effets négatifs dans les pays l’ayant activé et ceux-ci disposent d’un nouveau levier de politique économique en cas de crise. À titre préventif, l’autorité macroprudentielle en France, le Haut Conseil de stabilité financière, a récemment augmenté ce coussin contracyclique, en deux temps.

Suggested Citation

  • Cyril Couaillier & Julien Idier & Valerio Scalone, 2019. "Activation of countercyclical capital buffers in Europe: initial experiences [Activation des coussins contracycliques en Europe : premiers retours d’expérience]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 222.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2019:222:01
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Virginie Coudert & Julien Idier, 2018. "Reducing model risk in early warning systems for banking crises in the euro area," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 156, pages 98-116.
    2. Couaillier, C. & Idier, J., 2017. "Mesurer l’excès de crédit avec le « gap bâlois » : pertinence et limites pour la fixation du coussin de fonds propres bancaires contracyclique," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 211, pages 61-74.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises

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