IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/aph/ajpbhl/1992823417-421_1.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Smokeless tobacco, cardiovascular risk factors, and nicotine and cotinine levels in professional baseball players

Author

Listed:
  • Siegel, D.
  • Benowitz, N.
  • Ernster, V.L.
  • Grady, D.G.
  • Hauck, W.W.

Abstract

Background. The use of smokeless tobacco (ST), which has increased in popularity over the past 2 decades, results in considerable systemic exposure to nicotine. Nicotine might contribute to atherosclerosis by an effect on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods. The effects of ST use on cardiovascular risk factors and cotinine and nicotine levels were studied in 1061 professional baseball players during spring training in 1988 and 1989. Results. Of the study participants 477 (45%) were users. ST use was more common among Whites (55%) than among Blacks (29%) or Hispanics (21%), and users reported heavier consumption of alcohol (p

Suggested Citation

  • Siegel, D. & Benowitz, N. & Ernster, V.L. & Grady, D.G. & Hauck, W.W., 1992. "Smokeless tobacco, cardiovascular risk factors, and nicotine and cotinine levels in professional baseball players," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 82(3), pages 417-421.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1992:82:3:417-421_1
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Eli-Anne Skaug & Bjarne Nes & Stian Thoresen Aspenes & Øyvind Ellingsen, 2016. "Non-Smoking Tobacco Affects Endothelial Function in Healthy Men in One of the Largest Health Studies Ever Performed; The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study in Norway; HUNT3," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(8), pages 1-12, August.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1992:82:3:417-421_1. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Christopher F Baum (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.apha.org .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.