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Análisis De Rentabilidad De Repasto De Becerros En Sonora

Author

Listed:
  • López, Rafael Retes
  • Rivera, Martha Martín
  • Flores, Fernando Ibarra
  • Medina, Salomón Moreno
  • Ballesteros, Francisco G. Denogean

Abstract

Dentro del sector agropecuario, la actividad ganadera es una de las principales donde existen 1.5 millones de unidades de producción con diferentes grados de tecnologías y que ocupan alrededor de 200 millones de hectáreas y aporta el 40 % del PIB de este sector El Estado de Sonora es el segundo en extensión en el país, exportó en 2009-2010 la cantidad de 281,785 cabezas de ganado con una superficie de 15.5 millones de hectáreas y el valor de la producción pecuaria fue de 11’396,951 miles de pesos. Dentro de esta área se lleva a cabo la cría y explotación de ganado de manera intensiva que ocupa grandes superficies de terreno predominando el mantenimiento de pie de cría y el repasto de becerros. Otro sistema de explotación son las praderas artificiales a base de rye-grass o zacate bermuda así como la engorda en corrales en donde se confina el ganado y a base de alimentación balanceada y preparada se obtienen ganancias diarias de peso por encima de 1.1 kg/cb/cía. Para el análisis de rentabilidad del lote de 100 becerros en la modalidad de repasto de becerros se utilizaron herramientas financieras como la determinación del capital de trabajo que fue por la cantidad de $ 508,650 mientras que la relación beneficio-costo que fue de 1.12. Otra herramienta fue el análisis de sensibilidad tomando como referencia el peso final del periodo y combinado con el precio de venta por kilogramo en pie que fue de 28.00 por kg. El punto de equilibrio también se determinó arrojando un resultado de 194 kg por becerro en pie, es decir, con este peso el productor recupera sus costos de producción, el financiero y obtiene una ganancia final; para el cálculo del costo financiero se tomó como referencia la tasa de interés interbancaria de equilibrio a la cual se le agregó un diferencial de 8 puntos para quedar en 12.90 % anual. Con estos resultado obtenidos, el productor podrá tomar la decisión de continuar con la modalidad de repasto de becerros y llevarlos al mercado de exportación o confinarlos en pradera artificial o corral de engorda.......In the farming sector, the cattle activity is one of the main ones where 1,5 million units of production with different degrees from technologies and that it occupies around 200 million hectares and contributes 40% of the PIB of this sector. The State of Sonora is the second in extension in the country and exported in 2009-2010 the amount of 281.785 heads of cattle with a surface of 15,5 million hectares and the value of the cattle production was of 11'396,951 thousands of pesos. Within this surface it is carried out the young and operation of cattle of intensive way that occupies great land surfaces standing up predominating the maintenance of cattle and increase of yearling calves. Another exploitation system is the artificial prairies with rye-grass or bermuda fattens as well as it in corrals where the cattle confines itself and with balanced and prepared feeding daily gains of weight over 1.1 are obtained kg/day. For the analysis of yield of the lot of 100 yearling calves in the modality of repasto of yearling calves financial tools like the determination of the capital of work that was by the amount of $ 508,650, the relation benefit-cost that was of 1.12. Another tool was the sensitivity analysis taking as reference the final from period and combined weight with the sale price by kilogram still on that was of 28.00 by kg. The balance point also was determined throwing a result of 194 kg by yearling calf, that is to say, with this weight the producer recovers its production costs, the financier and obtains a final gain; for the calculation of the financial cost the interbank interest rate was taken like reference from balance to which a differential of 8 points was added to him to be in annual 12.90%. With these result obtained, the producer will be able to make the decision to continue with the modality of repasto of yearling calves and to take them to the export market or to confine them in artificial prairie or corral of gets fat.

Suggested Citation

  • López, Rafael Retes & Rivera, Martha Martín & Flores, Fernando Ibarra & Medina, Salomón Moreno & Ballesteros, Francisco G. Denogean, 2013. "Análisis De Rentabilidad De Repasto De Becerros En Sonora," Revista Mexicana de Agronegocios, Sociedad Mexicana de Administracion Agropecuaria, vol. 33(July-Dece), pages 1-11.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:remeag:155134
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.155134
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    Keywords

    Agribusiness;

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