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O Comércio Internacional do Café Brasileiro: a influência dos custos de transporte

Author

Listed:
  • Almeida, Fernanda Maria de
  • Silva, Orlando Monteiro da
  • Braga, Marcelo Jose

Abstract

O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores determinantes dos custos de transporte das exportações brasileiras de café verde, que é um dos principais produtos da pauta de exportação do Brasil. Adicionalmente, pretendeu-se avaliar os impactos que esses fatores têm sobre as exportações dessa commodity. Primeiramente, utilizou-se um modelo “tipo-gravidade”, que considerou, entre outras variáveis, distintas medidas da variável distância, para averiguar os determinantes dos custos de transporte do café. A segunda análise foi realizada por meio de uma equação que utiliza variáveis de modelos de gravidade básicos, acrescido das variáveis utilizadas como determinantes dos custos de transporte. Em ambas as estimativas utilizou-se o método Tobit com dados em painel, de 2000 a 2006. Os resultados, como esperado, indicaram que os gastos com transporte, nas exportações do café brasileiro, são sensíveis à distância entre o Brasil e seus parceiros comerciais, ou seja, quanto maior a distância, maiores os custos de transporte. Na análise das exportações, a distância entre os países e a ausência de litoral nos países importadores foram os fatores que mais afetaram os custos de transporte, apresentando-se como barreiras às exportações do café.......The main objective of this study is to evaluate which factors are the determinants of the transportation costs of the Brazilian exports of green coffee, one of the major export products of Brazil. Additionally, it intended to evaluate the impacts that these factors have over the exports of this commodity. First of all, a “type-gravity” model was used, which considered, among other variables, different measures of the variable distance, to find the determinants of the costs of transports of green coffee. In second place, an analysis was accomplished adding to the basic gravity model those variables used to determinate transportation costs. For both estimates, the Tobit method was used with panel data, from 2000 to 2006. Results, as expected, indicated that the expenses with transportation in the green coffee exports are sensitive to distance between Brazil and their commercial partners. In other words, the higher the distance, the higher the transportation costs. In the analysis of green coffee exports, the distance between countries and the absence of a coast in importing countries have affected more the transportation costs, becoming barriers to green coffee exports.

Suggested Citation

  • Almeida, Fernanda Maria de & Silva, Orlando Monteiro da & Braga, Marcelo Jose, 2011. "O Comércio Internacional do Café Brasileiro: a influência dos custos de transporte," Brazilian Journal of Rural Economy and Sociology (Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural-RESR), Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural, vol. 49(2), pages 1-18, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:rdecag:152573
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.152573
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    Keywords

    Agribusiness;

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