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Export Demand For U.S. Walnuts: Impacts Of U.S. Export Promotion Programs

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  • Onunkwo, Izuchukwu M.
  • Epperson, James E.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of the major factors affecting the export demand for U.S. walnuts in Asia and the European Union (E.U.), which together import about 75 percent of U.S. walnut exports. The primary objective pertained to the impacts of federal promotion programs on the foreign demand for U.S. walnuts. The marginal return per dollar to decreasing promotion expenditures for walnuts was $6.14 for Asia, reflecting prudent utilization of promotion expenditures as the Asian market for U.S. walnuts approaches maturity. The European Union appears to be a mature market for U.S. walnut exports with no detectable responsiveness to promotion expenditures.

Suggested Citation

  • Onunkwo, Izuchukwu M. & Epperson, James E., 2000. "Export Demand For U.S. Walnuts: Impacts Of U.S. Export Promotion Programs," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 31(3), pages 1-7, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:jlofdr:27814
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.27814
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Freixanet, Joan, 2012. "Export promotion programs: Their impact on companies’ internationalization performance and competitiveness," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 1065-1086.
    2. Onunkwo, Izuchukwu M. & Epperson, James E., 1999. "Export Demand For U.S. Pecans: Impacts Of U.S. Export Promotion," 1999 Annual meeting, August 8-11, Nashville, TN 21686, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    3. Lee, Siu Ming & Adam, Radziah & Tuan Lonik, Ku’ Azam, 2020. "The Effects of Tax and Promotion on Rubber Medical Devices Export," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 54(2), pages 29-40.
    4. Apanisile Olumuyiwa Tolulope & Okunlola Charles Olalekan, 2017. "Growth Effect of Export Promotion on Non-oil Output in Sub-Saharan Africa (1970–2014)," Emerging Economy Studies, International Management Institute, vol. 3(2), pages 139-155, November.
    5. Laxmi Paudel & Murali Adhikari & Jack E. Houston & Henry W. Kinnucan, 2004. "Assessing the efficiency of exchange rate-linked subsidies (ERLS) for non-price export promotion: The case of cotton," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(4), pages 481-493.
    6. Amy Quark, 2015. "Agricultural commodity branding in the rise and decline of the US food regime: from product to place-based branding in the global cotton trade, 1955–2012," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 32(4), pages 777-793, December.
    7. Paudel, Laxmi & Adhikari, Murali & Houston, Jack E. & Kinnucan, Henry W., 2002. "Assessing The Efficiency Of Exchange Rate-Linked Subsidies For Non-Price Export Promotion: The Case Of Cotton," Faculty Series 16658, University of Georgia, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    8. Pimbucha Rusmevichientong & Harry M. Kaiser, 2009. "Measuring the effectiveness of U.S. rice export promotion programs," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(2), pages 215-230.
    9. Moore, Eli D. & Williams, Gary W., 2008. "Is the Texas Pecan Checkoff Program Working?," Reports 90497, Texas A&M University, Agribusiness, Food, and Consumer Economics Research Center.
    10. Nogueira, Lia & Chouinard, Hayley H., 2006. "The Effects of Reducing Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Barriers to Trade on the Washington State Apple Industry," 2006 Annual meeting, July 23-26, Long Beach, CA 21433, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    11. Adhikari, Murali & Paudel, Laxmi & Houston, Jack E. & Paudel, Biswo Nath, 2003. "Measuring the Impacts of US Export Promotion Program for Wheat in Selected Importing Regions," 2003 Annual Meeting, February 1-5, 2003, Mobile, Alabama 35161, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.

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