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Programmes agri-environnementaux en présence d’effets de seuil

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  • Dupraz, Pierre
  • Latouche, Karine
  • Turpin, Nadine

Abstract

L’objectif de ce papier est de proposer des procédures d’élaboration et de mise en œuvre des programmes agri-environnementaux pour assurer leur efficacité environnementale et sociale, lorsque les processus biophysiques en jeu sont caractérisés par des effets de seuils. La régulation publique est confrontée à deux problèmes bien distincts : d’une part, les asymétries d’information relevant classiquement de la théorie des contrats et des solutions qu’elle préconise et, d’autre part, une incertitude que partagent régulateur et agents sur la relation entre pratiques agricoles et état de l’environnement. Ces deux difficultés se cumulent fréquemment dans les programmes agrienvironnementaux et peuvent conduire, en présence d’effets de seuils, à l’absence d’effet environnemental et au découragement des agriculteurs. À partir d’un modèle micro-économique et de l’analyse approfondie d’un exemple, cette contribution montre qu’une gestion pérenne et évolutive des programmes permet une capitalisation locale des compétences et un gain d’efficacité. Cette gestion vise à tirer parti d’économies d’échelle et d’apprentissage tant managériales que techniques, à condition de spécifier des contrats dont la réalisation contribue à préciser et à quantifier des effets de seuil souvent mal connus et localement spécifiques. Dans certains cas, l’instauration par le régulateur d’un taux minimal de contractualisation dans une zone donnée constitue une information conduisant à accroître la probabilité de participation des agriculteurs.
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Suggested Citation

  • Dupraz, Pierre & Latouche, Karine & Turpin, Nadine, 2007. "Programmes agri-environnementaux en présence d’effets de seuil," Cahiers d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales (CESR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 82.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:inrace:189747
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.189747
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    1. Le Coent, Philippe & Préget, Raphaële & Thoyer, Sophie, 2017. "Compensating Environmental Losses Versus Creating Environmental Gains: Implications for Biodiversity Offsets," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 120-129.
    2. Anne GASSIAT & Sylvain ROUSSET & Frèdèric ZAHM, 2011. "Improving water quality with a territorial agro-environmental policy? Insights from the new generation AES in South-West France," ERSA conference papers ersa10p1569, European Regional Science Association.
    3. Philippe Le Coent & Raphaële Préget & Sophie Thoyer, 2015. "Can collective conditionality improve agri-environmental contracts? Insights from experimental economics," Post-Print hal-01606341, HAL.
    4. Allaire, Gilles & Cahuzac, Eric & Simioni, Michel, 2009. "Contractualisation et diffusion spatiale des mesures agro-environnementales herbagères," Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement (RAEStud), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 90(1).
    5. Marie Dervillé & Gilles Allaire & Élise Maigné & Éric Cahuzac, 2017. "Internal and contextual drivers of dairy restructuring: evidence from French mountainous areas and post†quota prospects," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 48(1), pages 91-103, January.

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