Gains from Trade When Firms Matter
Abstract
The rising prominence of intra-industry trade and huge multinationals has transformed the way economists think about the gains from trade. In the past, we focused on gains that stemmed either from endowment differences (wheat for iron ore) or inter-industry comparative advantage (David Ricardo's classic example of cloth for port). Today, we focus on three sources of gains from trade: 1) love-of-variety gains associated with intra-industry trade; 2) allocative efficiency gains associated with shifting labor and capital out of small, less-productive firms and into large, more-productive firms; and 3) productive efficiency gains associated with trade-induced innovation. This paper reviews these three sources of gains from trade both theoretically and empirically. Our empirical evidence will be centered on the experience of Canada following its closer economic integration in 1989 with the United States—the largest example of bilateral intra-industry trade in the world—but we will also describe evidence for other countries.Download Info
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Article provided by American Economic Association in its journal Journal of Economic Perspectives.
Volume (Year): 26 (2012)
Issue (Month): 2 (Spring)
Pages: 91-118
Note: DOI: 10.1257/jep.26.2.91
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Related research
Keywords:Find related papers by JEL classification:
- F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
- F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
- F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
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Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.Cited by:
- Udo Kreickemeier & Philipp M. Richter, 2012.
"Trade and the Environment: The Role of Firm Heterogeneity,"
CESifo Working Paper Series
3846, CESifo Group Munich.
- Kreickemeier, Udo & Richter, Philipp M., 2012. "Trade and the environment: The role of firm heterogeneity," University of Tuebingen Working Papers in Economics and Finance 36, University of Tuebingen, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences.
- Udo Kreickemeier & Philipp M. Richter, 2012. "Trade and the Environment: The Role of Firm Heterogeneity," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1214, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
- Paul S. Segerstrom & Ignat Stepanok, 2012.
"Learning How to Export,"
Kiel Working Papers
1801, Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
- Segerstrom, Paul & Stepanok, Ignat, 2010. "Learning How to Export," Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 0727, Stockholm School of Economics, revised 14 Dec 2010.
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