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The Sky Is Not Flat: How Discriminatory Is the Access to International Air Services?

Author

Listed:
  • Roberta Piermartini
  • Linda Rousov?

Abstract

Using information on 2,300 Air Services Agreements covering 184 countries, we investigate the impact of air services liberalization on passenger flows. We find that a certain level of liberalization is required to have a positive effect on passenger traffic. In particular, we estimate that the multilateralization of multiple designation provisions, Open Skies Agreements and European Economic Area-type agreements would increase passenger traffic worldwide by 0.5, 5, and 10 percent, respectively. The potential endogeneity problem is carefully dealt with using instrumental variables and propensity score matching.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberta Piermartini & Linda Rousov?, 2013. "The Sky Is Not Flat: How Discriminatory Is the Access to International Air Services?," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 5(3), pages 287-319, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:aejpol:v:5:y:2013:i:3:p:287-319
    Note: DOI: 10.1257/pol.5.3.287
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Demet Yilmazkuday & Hakan Yilmazkuday, 2017. "The role of direct flights in trade costs," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 153(2), pages 249-270, May.
    2. Bernardo, Valeria & Fageda, Xavier, 2017. "The effects of the Morocco-European Union open skies agreement: A difference-in-differences analysis," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 24-41.
    3. Donatella Baiardi & Valeria Gattai & Piergiovanna Natale, 2021. "Estimating the ex‐ante and the ex‐post effects of Chinese outward FDI," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(12), pages 3641-3673, December.
    4. Anca D. Cristea & Russell Hillberry & Aaditya Mattoo, 2015. "Open Skies over the Middle East," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(11), pages 1650-1681, November.
    5. Katrin Oesingmann, 2022. "The determinants of air cargo flows and the role of multinational agreements: An empirical comparison with trade and air passenger flows," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(8), pages 2370-2393, August.
    6. Abate, Megersa & Christidis, Panayotis, 2020. "The impact of air transport market liberalization: Evidence from EU's external aviation policy," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 22(C).
    7. Megerska Abate & Panayotis Christidis, 2017. "Economic Effects of the EU External Aviation Policy," JRC Research Reports JRC105822, Joint Research Centre.
    8. Abate, Megersa, 2016. "Economic effects of air transport market liberalization in Africa," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 326-337.
    9. Eric Tchouamou Njoya & Panayotis Christidis, 2017. "Potential impacts of liberalisation of the EU-Africa aviation market," JRC Research Reports JRC106855, Joint Research Centre.
    10. Chemmanur, Thomas J. & Hull, Tyler J. & Krishnan, Karthik, 2016. "Do local and international venture capitalists play well together? The complementarity of local and international venture capitalists," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 573-594.
    11. Tchouamou Njoya, Eric & Buhari Isah, Aliyu, 2023. "Assessing the economic impact of the single African air transport market: The case of Tanzania," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    12. Oesingmann, Katrin, 2022. "The effect of the European Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) on aviation demand: An empirical comparison with the impact of ticket taxes," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    13. Tolcha, Tassew Dufera & Tchouamou Njoya, Eric & Bråthen, Svein & Holmgren, Johan, 2021. "Effects of African aviation liberalisation on economic freedom, air connectivity and related economic consequences," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 204-214.
    14. Oum, Tae Hoon & Wang, Kun & Yan, Jia, 2019. "Measuring the effects of open skies agreements on bilateral passenger flow and service export and import trades," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 1-14.
    15. Zhang, Yi & Zheng, Xingwu & Lu, Wei, 2018. "Measuring the openness of Chinese international air transport policy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 208-217.
    16. Richard Pomfret & Richard Pomfret, 2014. "Expanding the Division of Labour: Trade Costs and Supply Chains in the Global Economy," Australian Economic History Review, Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 54(3), pages 220-241, November.
    17. Liu, Yu & Maula, Markku, 2021. "Contextual status effects: The performance effects of host-country network status and regulatory institutions in cross-border venture capital," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(5).
    18. Bilotkach, Volodymyr & Caro-Burnett, Johann & Khan, Ghulam Dastgir & Sembiring, Benny Lala & Yoshida, Yuichiro, 2021. "Measuring the impact of ASEAN Open Skies on international air traffic movements from and to Southeast Asian Cities," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 368-378.
    19. Kiyoyasu Tanaka, 2019. "Do international flights promote FDI? The role of face‐to‐face communication," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(5), pages 1609-1632, November.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation
    • L93 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Air Transportation
    • L98 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Government Policy
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise

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    1. The Sky Is Not Flat: How Discriminatory Is the Access to International Air Services? (American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2013) in ReplicationWiki

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